Kerbau - Buffalo

Untuk tempat lain yang bernama sama, lihat Kerbau (disambiguasi).

Kota terbesar di Negara Bagian New Yorkini Perbatasan Niagara, Kerbau adalah kota yang penuh kejutan. Meskipun Buffalo kadang-kadang menjadi bahan lelucon tentang sayap ayam, tim olahraganya yang telah lama menderita, dan pegunungan salju tempat ia seharusnya terkubur setiap musim dingin, penduduk setempat dan orang lain yang mengetahuinya menceritakan kisah yang berbeda: salah satu yang bersemangat kehidupan malam, museum dan atraksi budaya kelas dunia, lingkungan yang erat dengan semangat komunitas dan rasa tempat yang nyata, kombinasi yang unggul antara kualitas hidup yang tinggi dan biaya hidup yang rendah — dan musim panas tercerah di Timur Laut Amerika Serikat.

Distrik

Daerah kerbau - Peta berkode warna
 Pusat kota
Kawasan pusat bisnis Buffalo menawarkan arsitektur monumental, tepi laut bersejarah yang direvitalisasi, kehidupan yang semarak Distrik Teater, klub dansa berdebar-debar Jalan Chippewa, dan Koridor Medis.
 Allentown dan Distrik Delaware
Bar hipster, klub rock, dan galeri seni di Allentown adalah tandingan yang semarak dengan jalan-jalan perumahan yang tenang di Distrik Delaware yang tenang. Keduanya adalah surga bagi penggemar arsitektur, dengan gaya Victoria yang menawan berjajar di sisi jalan Allen Street dan rumah mewah Zaman Emas di Delaware Avenue. Baris Jutawan.
 Desa Elmwood
Apa dulu? Perguruan Tinggi Negeri Buffaloghetto mahasiswa kini telah menjadi oasis borgie di jantung kota: jika Anda memiliki uang untuk dibakar, butik mode yang unik dan toko suvenir di sepanjang Jalan Elmwood memanggil nama Anda (itu menjadi dua kali lipat jika selera Anda lebih mengarah ke "dasar" daripada yang trendi). Sementara itu, di ujung utara jalur tersebut, Distrik Museum adalah rumah bagi beberapa kerbau terbaik.
 Kerbau Utara
Dengan lebih banyak nuansa pinggiran kota daripada distrik Buffalo lainnya, North Buffalo adalah gado-gado beragam yang terdiri dari Itali kecil di sepanjang Hertel Avenue, berantakan tapi menyenangkan Ketinggian Universitas, dan area pemukiman bersejarah yang ditata indah Pinggir taman, Taman Pusat, dan Taman Padang Rumput.
 sisi barat
Area Buffalo yang paling baru. Lama menjadi pusat budaya Hispanik di Buffalo, West Side sekarang menawarkan komunitas imigran Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa yang sesungguhnya dan pemandangan seni yang baru lahir di sepanjang Jalan Hibah, Cottage Victoria bobrok di Bukit Prospek dan Desa Barat secara bertahap dirapikan hingga kejayaannya sebelumnya, dan taman tepi laut berlimpah. Di utara bersejarah Batu hitam dan kelas pekerja Tepi sungai.
 Kerbau Selatan
Terpisah dari bagian kota lainnya oleh Sungai Buffalo, Kerbau Selatan Irlandia yang bangga dapat tampak seperti kota tersendiri: di utara, yang bersejarah Bangsal Pertama Lama dan Distrik Batu Bulat dan baru dibangun kembali Larkinville; ke timur, taman yang menyenangkan dan jalan-jalan perumahan yang tenang; ke barat, lift gandum dan rel kereta api masa lalu industri Buffalo yang perkasa; di sepanjang tepi danau, pembangunan kembali Pelabuhan Luar, Taman bermain musim panas terbaru Buffalo.
 bagian timur
Para kerbau dengan cepat mencemooh East Side sebagai ghetto yang dipenuhi narkoba dan kejahatan. Mereka yang cukup pintar untuk mengabaikan penduduk setempat akan dihargai dengan pemandangan yang menakjubkan gereja-gereja besar yang penuh hiasan dibangun oleh imigran Jerman dan Polandia abad ke-19, tampilan pendidikan ke dalam sejarah Afrika-Amerika Buffalo, atraksi budaya seperti Museum Sains Kerbau, dan kejutan lainnya di distrik yang benar-benar terpencil ini.

Memahami

Buffalo adalah kota terbesar kedua di Negara Bagian New York, dengan (per 2010) populasi 261.310 di kota yang tepat dan 1.135.509 di Wilayah Metropolitan Air Terjun Buffalo-Niagara. Buffalo adalah pusat budaya dan ekonomi di wilayah New York Barat. Meskipun selama setengah abad terakhir telah dianggap sebagai kota kelas pekerja yang stagnan yang telah menderita akibat dari deindustrialisasi, ekonomi Buffalo telah berbalik secara signifikan, dengan tingkat pengangguran pada April 2014 sebesar 5,8%, berjalan di bawah tingkat nasional. sebesar 5,9% dan tingkat negara bagian sebesar 6,1% untuk bulan itu. Mungkin secara mengejutkan mengingat sejarahnya sebagai pusat industri berat, Buffalo juga disebut-sebut sebagai kota terbersih ketiga di Amerika Serikat. Kerbau dinobatkan sebagai salah satu dari Lusin Destinasi Khas untuk 2009 oleh National Trust for Historic Preservation, yang Konferensi Pelestarian Nasional 2011 diadakan di Buffalo dan merupakan konferensi tahunan terbesar dan paling banyak dihadiri dalam sejarah organisasi itu. Gelar lain yang dianugerahkan pada Buffalo termasuk penempatan di antara "44 Tempat untuk Dikunjungi pada tahun 2009" oleh Waktu New York, "Penghargaan Kota All-America" ​​untuk tahun 1996 dan 2002, dan salah satu dari 10 kota terbaik di AS untuk membesarkan keluarga, menurut fitur 2010 di Forbes majalah.

Sejarah

Sebagian besar daya tarik Buffalo bagi pengunjung adalah rasa sejarahnya yang masih dapat diraba sebagai pusat industri yang penting. Bangunan dan situs bersejarah yang megah di setiap sudut menceritakan kisah sebuah kota yang dulunya hebat dan memiliki semua peralatan untuk menjadi hebat lagi suatu hari nanti.

Perbatasan awal

Meskipun daerah tersebut telah dihuni oleh Iroquois sejak jauh sebelum Columbus dan dikunjungi secara berkala oleh penjerat bulu Prancis mulai abad ke-17, sejarah Buffalo sendiri dimulai sekitar tahun 1789, ketika Cornelius Winney mendirikan pos perdagangan di muara Sungai Buffalo. Pada saat itu, situs ini masih jauh melampaui batas pemukiman kulit putih. Baru pada tahun 1793 Holland Land Company, sebuah sindikat investor dari Belanda, membeli traktat hutan belantara New York Barat yang mencakup Buffalo. Agen tanah Joseph Ellicott, yang tiba di pos perdagangan Winney pada tahun 1798, merasa bahwa pos tersebut berpotensi menjadi lokasi kota yang berkembang. Dia memberi nama New Amsterdam ke desa yang dia bangun di sana, meskipun segera berganti nama menjadi Buffalo setelah sungai yang berdekatan. (Pertanyaan tentang di mana Sungai Buffalo itu sendiri mendapatkan namanya masih sangat misteri — teori paling terkenal, yang membuat penjelajah Prancis Sieur de la Salle berseru tentang fleuve cantik, atau "sungai yang indah", yang dilihatnya saat berlayar di sepanjang Danau Erie pada tahun 1679, hampir pasti tidak benar; juga, tidak ada kerbau atau bison yang diketahui pernah ada di New York Barat setiap saat sejak kedatangan orang kulit putih, meskipun penjelajah Prancis abad ke-17 menemukan beberapa yang tinggal relatif dekat di pantai selatan Danau Erie, saat ini- hari Ohio.) Ellicott menata pola jalan-jalan dan alun-alun umum yang besar yang terinspirasi dari yang dirancang oleh saudaranya Andrew Washington DC.; Namun, terlepas dari aspirasinya yang tinggi, Buffalo tetap menjadi pos terdepan kecil yang klaim utamanya untuk ketenaran selama sejarah awal adalah sebagai tempat beberapa instalasi militer penting dan pertempuran selama Perang 1812 (terkenal, desa itu dibakar habis oleh Inggris pasukan pada bulan Desember 1813 sebagai bagian dari Kampanye Perbatasan Niagara dalam perang itu).

Dari pelabuhan kanal ke "Kota Cahaya"

Status Buffalo sebagai perbatasan terpencil tiba-tiba berakhir ketika, setelah perselisihan sengit dengan desa tetangga Black Rock (kemudian dianeksasi oleh saingannya), Pelabuhan Buffalo ditetapkan sebagai ujung barat Kanal Erie, jalur pelayaran pedalaman yang besar. memanjang ke barat dari Sungai Hudson di Albania untuk jarak 363 mil (584 km). Pekerjaan infrastruktur paling ambisius yang dilakukan di A.S. hingga saat itu, Kanal Erie sangat menurunkan biaya transportasi dan membuat pemukiman skala besar di tanah sebelah barat Appalachian layak secara ekonomi. Besarnya kepentingan komersial Kanal Erie diilustrasikan oleh fakta bahwa dalam lima tahun pertama setelah selesai dibangun, populasi kerbau meningkat lebih dari tiga kali lipat (menjadi 8.668); dua tahun kemudian, pada tahun 1832, Buffalo akhirnya dimasukkan sebagai kota.

Terletak di bayang-bayang pusat kota, the Slip Komersial (terlihat di sini) dulunya adalah ujung barat dari Kanal Erie, yang dibangun pada tahun 1825 dan yang mengubah Buffalo hampir dalam semalam dari desa perbatasan yang sepi menjadi salah satu kota dengan pertumbuhan tercepat di Amerika Serikat dan pelabuhan pedalaman yang paling penting. Sekarang menjadi pusat dari tepi kanal pembangunan kembali di tepi laut pusat kota.

Andalan ekonomi awal kerbau adalah sebagai pelabuhan transshipment, di mana biji-bijian dari Midwest diturunkan dari kapal pengangkut danau dan dipindahkan ke perahu kanal menuju Kota New York; itu di Buffalo di mana lift gandum pertama di dunia dibangun pada tahun 1843, dan memang masih banyak lift yang tetap berdiri di sekitar Pelabuhan Buffalo. Selama paruh kedua abad ke-19, Kanal Erie secara bertahap menjadi usang, tetapi itu hampir tidak mempengaruhi pertumbuhan eksplosif Buffalo. Sebaliknya, kota ini mempertahankan statusnya sebagai pusat transportasi dengan beralih ke pusat kereta api terpenting kedua di AS (setelah Chicago); New York Central, Pennsylvania, Michigan Central, Nickel Plate, Erie, Delaware Lackawanna & Western, West Shore, Baltimore & Ohio, dan Lehigh Valley Railroads semuanya melewati Buffalo pada puncak era kereta api. Selain itu, industri baja menjadi pemain utama dalam perekonomian lokal pada tahun 1899, ketika Perusahaan Baja Lackawanna memindahkan basis operasinya dari Scranton, Pennsylvania ke sebuah situs di selatan garis kota. Pada tahun 1900, Buffalo memiliki populasi lebih dari 350.000 dan merupakan salah satu dari sepuluh kota terbesar di Amerika Serikat.

Pameran Pan-Amerika adalah Pameran Dunia yang diadakan di Buffalo pada tahun 1901, di puncak hari-hari kejayaan kota; itu dimaksudkan untuk menampilkan, antara lain, keajaiban teknologi dan kemungkinan ekonomi tenaga listrik (kedekatan kerbau dengan air terjun Niagara, sebuah situs usaha awal dalam pembangkit listrik tenaga air, memberinya listrik termurah di negara ini pada saat itu). Meskipun pemandangan yang mempesona dari pasar malam, diterangi oleh malam dengan teknologi baru ini, membuat Buffalo mendapat julukan abadi "Kota Cahaya", signifikansi sejarah utama Pan-American Exposition jauh lebih suram di alam: itu di Exposition di mana, pada 6 September 1901, Presiden AS William McKinley ditembak mati oleh anarkis Leon Czolgosz, beberapa saat setelah mengakhiri pidato di Kuil Musik.

Menurun...

Kerbau terus tumbuh selama bagian pertama abad ke-20. Namun, tren mulai muncul yang pada tahun 1950 akan menyebabkan pertumbuhan kota melambat, berhenti, dan kemudian berbalik arah. Seperti di kota-kota Amerika lainnya, penduduk yang lebih kaya mulai meninggalkan rumah mereka di kota untuk mendapatkan properti pinggiran kota yang lebih tenang dan lebih hijau di luar garis kota. Ini dimulai pada tahun 1910-an dan 1920-an — banyak pinggiran kota tua Buffalo, seperti Kenmore, Eggersville, Bukit Pinus, dan snyder, hingga saat ini — dan ditendang ke gigi tinggi selama ledakan ekonomi pasca-Perang Dunia II. Pada saat yang sama, kelas menengah Amerika yang sedang tumbuh mulai bermigrasi dalam jumlah yang semakin besar ke daerah-daerah di Barat dan Selatan dengan iklim yang lebih ringan, dengan mengorbankan kota-kota di Timur Laut. Pembangunan Sistem Jalan Raya Antar Negara Bagian memicu urbanisasi pada saat yang sama berkontribusi pada penurunan jalur kereta api dan pelabuhan Buffalo, karena barang dapat dikirim lebih murah dengan truk.

Namun, satu-satunya penyebab paling penting dari terjun bebas yang diderita Buffalo selama akhir abad ke-20 adalah pembukaan St. Lawrence Seaway pada tahun 1959. Secara historis, pentingnya Buffalo sebagai pelabuhan sebagian besar disebabkan oleh penghalang yang dibuat Air Terjun Niagara. pengiriman. Namun, berkat perluasan Terusan Welland sebagai bagian dari Seaway, kapal barang yang sarat dengan biji-bijian dan barang-barang lainnya sekarang dapat mengakses laut secara langsung melalui Sungai St. Lawrence, daripada berhenti di Buffalo untuk mentransfer kargo mereka ke gerbong yang menuju ke timur. . Dalam sepuluh tahun peresmian Seaway, sebagian besar lift gandum di Pelabuhan Buffalo telah ditinggalkan, dan pelabuhan yang dulunya penuh dengan kapal sekarang hampir kosong. Juga, pabrik baja di Lackawanna menutup pintunya untuk awal yang baik pada tahun 1977, tidak mampu bersaing dengan baja asing yang lebih murah. Pada tahun 1980, populasi Kerbau kira-kira sama dengan populasi pada tahun 1900, turun hampir 40% dari puncaknya 580.132 hanya tiga puluh tahun sebelumnya.

Untuk menambah penghinaan terhadap cedera, selama tahun 1960-an dan 70-an para pemimpin sipil Buffalo menanggapi memburuknya kondisi sosial di kota dengan menghancurkan (atas nama "pembaruan kota" dan "pembersihan kumuh") lingkungan etnis di tempat-tempat seperti Distrik Ellicott dan Lower West Side yang, meskipun merupakan kelas pekerja, dalam banyak hal sehat dan bersemangat. Secara khusus, pondok bata Victoria yang indah dari apa yang dulunya "Little Italy" di Lower West Side hampir semuanya hilang karena bola perusak, sementara proyek perumahan umum baru yang didirikan di Distrik Ellicott segera menjadi versi bertingkat tinggi dari daerah kumuh yang mereka bangun. diganti, karena pembangunan gedung-gedung baru tidak berarti apa-apa untuk mengatasi masalah sosial yang mendasari di lingkungan tersebut. Pada saat yang sama, jalan tol yang bising dan mengganggu dibangun langsung melalui Delaware Park dan Humboldt Parkway, menghancurkan suasana hijau yang (masing-masing) merupakan taman terbesar dan taman termegah yang dirancang untuk kota oleh arsitek lanskap Frederick Law Olmsted; untungnya, penentangan keras dari penduduk lingkungan menyelamatkan Distrik Bersejarah Allentown dari nasib yang sama. Di pusat kota, hanya satu dari banyak contoh penghancuran warisan arsitektur Buffalo yang tidak masuk akal terjadi pada tahun 1969, ketika beberapa blok blok komersial Victoria yang indah serta gedung Bank Tabungan Erie County yang menakjubkan seperti kastil dihancurkan untuk membuka jalan bagi Tempat Utama. Tower, menara kantor modernis yang hambar dengan pusat perbelanjaan bergaya pinggiran kota yang sama sekali gagal menarik pembeli kembali ke pusat kota demi mal dan alun-alun pinggiran kota.

...dan kelahiran kembali

Terlepas dari masalah serius ini, mentalitas di Buffalo tidak pernah melewati batas ke dalam kekalahan total, yang membantu ketika penurunan Buffalo mulai mendatar di tahun 1990-an. Protes akar rumput berbasis luas yang menyertai pembukaan Kasino Seneca Buffalo Creek pada tahun 2007, yang telah disajikan kepada kota sebagai sarana untuk memacu pembangunan dan menarik wisatawan, mungkin merupakan contoh klasik dari pendekatan baru kota: daripada mengandalkan solusi "peluru perak" satu-shot untuk masalah kota seperti kasino, Buffalo telah mulai memodelkan strateginya pada kebangkitan sukses kota-kota Rust Belt lainnya seperti Pittsburgh dan Cleveland — sebuah strategi untuk menerima kenyataan bahwa industri berat telah hilang untuk selamanya dan, sebagai gantinya, menggunakan sumber daya berharga dari sejumlah besar perguruan tinggi dan universitas Buffalo untuk mendorong pengembangan beragam industri teknologi tinggi, seperti penelitian medis dan usaha bioteknologi yang telah tumbuh di utara pusat kota di bawah naungan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Buffalo. Kawasan bisnis, yang dulunya penuh dengan etalase toko dan hampir kosong setelah hari kerja dan akhir pekan berakhir, telah menikmati tingkat vitalitas baru karena sebagian besar konversi ruang kantor bekas menjadi apartemen dan kondominium pusat kota kelas atas, sebuah komoditas yang membuat banyak orang Buffalon terkejut mengetahui ada permintaan yang terpendam cukup besar. Selain itu, Buffalo dapat membanggakan warisan arsitektur yang masih substansial terlepas dari kesialan tahun 1960-an, berbagai institusi budaya yang dinamis, dan biaya hidup yang rendah. Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, pendekatan baru ini telah melahirkan kekuatan baru di antara komunitas pelestarian Buffalo, pengabdian warganya terhadap atraksi budaya seperti Galeri Seni Albright-Knox dan Kebun Binatang Buffalo, dan diversifikasi ekonomi lokal yang berkelanjutan. Sebaliknya, apa yang tersisa dari industri berat tradisional Buffalo telah diuntungkan dari rebound mini di manufaktur Amerika setelah resesi 2008; misalnya, terlepas dari masalah keuangan General Motors pada periode itu, perusahaan itu melakukan investasi besar di pabriknya di dekatnya Tonawanda pada tahun 2010, menambahkan beberapa ratus pekerjaan baru dalam proses. Meskipun Buffalo belum sepenuhnya membendung kehilangan populasinya dan masih banyak kemajuan yang harus dicapai, sedikit kesombongan yang dilakukan oleh penduduk "City of No Illusions" hari ini, akhirnya dihidupkan kembali setelah beberapa dekade menurun, tidak salah lagi.

Kerbau
Bagan iklim (penjelasan)
JFsayaSEBUAHsayaJJSEBUAHSHAItidakD
 
 
 
3.2
 
 
31
19
 
 
 
2.5
 
 
33
19
 
 
 
2.9
 
 
42
26
 
 
 
3
 
 
55
37
 
 
 
3.5
 
 
67
47
 
 
 
3.7
 
 
75
57
 
 
 
3.2
 
 
80
62
 
 
 
3.3
 
 
78
61
 
 
 
3.9
 
 
71
53
 
 
 
3.5
 
 
59
43
 
 
 
4
 
 
48
34
 
 
 
3.9
 
 
36
24
Rata-rata maks. dan min. suhu dalam °F
PengendapanSalju total dalam inci
Lihat ramalan 7 hari Buffalo Data dari NOAA (1981-2010)
Konversi metrik
JFsayaSEBUAHsayaJJSEBUAHSHAItidakD
 
 
 
81
 
 
−1
−7
 
 
 
64
 
 
1
−7
 
 
 
74
 
 
6
−3
 
 
 
76
 
 
13
3
 
 
 
89
 
 
19
8
 
 
 
94
 
 
24
14
 
 
 
81
 
 
27
17
 
 
 
84
 
 
26
16
 
 
 
99
 
 
22
12
 
 
 
89
 
 
15
6
 
 
 
102
 
 
9
1
 
 
 
99
 
 
2
−4
Rata-rata maks. dan min. suhu dalam °C
PengendapanSalju total dalam mm

Iklim

Kerbau, meskipun paling terkenal dengan musim dinginnya, memiliki empat musim yang sangat menonjol.

Pada paruh pertama musim dingin, mulai sekitar bulan November, kota bisa mendapatkan salju efek danau: angin dingin yang bertiup di atas perairan Danau Erie yang lebih hangat mengambil banyak uap air, yang dibuang sebagai salju segera setelah mencapai daratan. Ini biasanya berakhir pada bulan Januari, ketika danau akhirnya membeku. Berlawanan dengan mitos populer, bagaimanapun, Buffalo bukanlah kota terdingin atau paling bersalju di negara ini—atau bahkan di New York. Bandara Buffalo rata-rata bersalju 93 inci (236 cm) per musim dingin. Rata-rata, Kerbau hanya memiliki 3 hari per tahun di mana suhu yang tercatat turun di bawah 0°F (-18°C). Reputasi bersalju Buffalo sebagian besar didasarkan pada beberapa badai yang paling terkenal: Badai Salju '77, "Kejutan Oktober" tahun 2006, dan badai salju "Snowvember" pada tahun 2014 semuanya mendapat banyak liputan media, tetapi tidak satupun dari mereka hal-hal yang normal kejadian di musim dingin Buffalo rata-rata.

Musim semi hujan dan dingin sampai akhir April. Suhu dapat berfluktuasi liar pada bulan Maret dan April. Bukan hal yang aneh untuk melihat salju suatu hari, dan suhu di pertengahan 60-an Fahrenheit (hampir 20°C) pada hari berikutnya.

Hari musim dingin yang khas di West Village Buffalo yang bersejarah.

Musim panas cenderung sangat nyaman dan cerah — pada kenyataannya, Buffalo memiliki hari-hari musim panas yang lebih cerah daripada kota besar lainnya di Timur Laut AS. Efek moderat Danau Erie telah memungkinkan Buffalo menjadi salah satu dari sedikit tempat di Amerika Serikat di mana suhu tidak pernah mencapai 100 ° F (38 ° C). Rata-rata Kerbau memiliki 60 hari dalam setahun dengan suhu mencapai lebih dari 80°F (27°C).

Musim gugur juga hangat dan indah. Suhu biasanya tetap cukup hangat hingga Oktober atau lebih, dan orang dapat menyaksikan pepohonan berubah warna dengan nyaman. Hari-harinya hangat, malamnya sejuk, dan salju pertama biasanya tidak datang sampai setelah Halloween. Pemburu daun akan senang dengan jumlah pohon (Buffalo juga merupakan salah satu kota paling banyak pohon di negara ini!) serta di daerah sekitarnya.

Baca baca

Untuk lebih banyak buku tentang Kerbau, khususnya yang terjadi di atau ada hubungannya dengan lingkungan kota tertentu, silakan lihat masing-masing distrik artikel.

  • Buffalo Unbound: Sebuah Perayaan oleh Laura Pedersen (ISBN 9781555917357). Penulisnya adalah penduduk asli Buffalo yang, hingga tulisan ini dibuat, telah menulis lima belas buku serta sejumlah drama dan musikal, banyak di antaranya berlatar di kampung halamannya selama masa mudanya di tahun 1970-an dan 80-an. Namun, dari semua karya itu, Kerbau Tidak Terikat adalah salah satu yang terbaik menangkap zeitgeist tersebut. Kumpulan esai lucu ini memberikan komentar warna untuk kebangkitan Buffalo dari rawa, dengan nada yang sering suram dan lelah dunia (mungkin tak terhindarkan mengingat kerangka waktu hidupnya) dalam kenangan masa kecil dari karya Pedersen sebelumnya yang ditempa sekarang dengan dosis yang sehat optimisme. Pembaca mungkin merasa sulit pada awalnya untuk mengikuti aliran lelucon dan referensi budaya khusus kerbau, tetapi segera mereka akan menemukan diri mereka terbiasa dengan budaya lokal dengan cara yang jarang dialami oleh beberapa pengunjung.
  • Kota Cahaya oleh Lauren Belfer (ISBN 9780385337649 ). Ini tahun 1901, dan rencana untuk Eksposisi Pan-Amerika maju di puncak demam. Louisa Barrett adalah kepala sekolah yang belum menikah dari Macaulay School for Girls, seorang wanita penggerak dan pengocok di dunia yang didominasi oleh pria. Kebanggaan dan kegembiraannya adalah putri baptisnya, Grace, yang ayahnya Tom Sinclair adalah seorang industrialis kaya yang berharap untuk mengubah wajah kota selamanya dengan mimpinya untuk menarik tenaga listrik dari Air Terjun Niagara. Tetapi ketika kepala insinyur proyek pembangkit listrik tenaga air ditemukan terbunuh di Delaware Park, ada perebutan kekuasaan yang buruk di elit lokal untuk menentukan siapa yang akan berada di kursi pengemudi masa depan Buffalo. Di tengah semua itu — dan cintanya yang mekar pada Tom — Louisa berjuang dengan beban rahasia gelap yang tentakelnya menembus jauh ke dalam aristokrasi darah biru Buffalo. Kota Cahaya adalah novel debut Belfer, a tur de force fiksi sejarah yang diakui secara kritis, diteliti dengan cermat, dan melukiskan gambaran yang jelas tentang Kerbau di puncak zaman keemasannya.
  • Gangster dan Kejahatan Terorganisir di Buffalo: Sejarah, Hit dan Markas oleh Michael F. Rizzo (ISBN 9781609495640 ). Kumpulan kisah kejahatan nyata yang diorganisir secara longgar ini dimulai dengan cukup lambat — menceritakan kisah-kisah geng jalanan yang suka berkelahi dan calon John Dillinger kecil yang merampok bank di Sisi Timur Polandia pada 1920-an dan 30-an — tetapi segera meningkat dengan mencatat kenaikan dan jatuhnya keluarga Buffalo Mafia dan don yang dihormati, Stefano "The Undertaker" Magaddino, yang dari markasnya di West Side kota (dan, kemudian, sebuah rumah peternakan sederhana di pinggiran kota Lewiston) menguasai wilayah yang luas yang membentang dari Ohio hingga Montreal pada ketinggiannya. Yang terbaik dari semuanya, lokasi semua pembunuhan, persembunyian, klub, dan ruang perjudian yang dijelaskan dalam buku ini didokumentasikan dengan cermat, semakin baik untuk menjelajahi dan menelusuri kembali langkah-langkah gangster tua ini.
  • Pemilik restoran sekaligus sejarawan lokal terkemuka Mark Goldman telah menulis trilogi buku yang cocok untuk audiens akademis dan kasual yang, bersama-sama, berdiri sebagai komentar analitis definitif tentang alasan di balik penurunan Buffalo dan cara terbaik untuk membantunya merebut kembali beberapa kejayaan masa lalunya ke depan.
    • Harapan Tinggi: Kebangkitan dan Kemunduran Buffalo, New York (ISBN 9780873957359 ). Ditulis pada tahun 1983 - mungkin titik nadir sejarah Buffalo - buku pertama Goldman menelusuri kisah Kota Ratu dari kelahirannya sebagai pos terdepan, hingga hari-harinya sebagai pelabuhan pedalaman yang ramai dan raksasa industri, hingga penurunan pasca-Perang Dunia II. Di Harapan yang tinggi, Kerbau digunakan sebagai contoh pola klasik pembangunan perkotaan pada abad 19 dan 20, kekayaannya terkait erat dengan kesejahteraan ekonomi perkotaan Amerika secara keseluruhan.
    • Kota di Danau: Tantangan Perubahan di Buffalo, New York (ISBN 9780879755799 ). Buku ini menggali banyak hal yang sama dengan pendahulunya — dan berbagi format sketsa terpisah yang datang bersama untuk melukiskan citra kohesif yang luas — tetapi fokusnya di sini adalah pada titik balik dalam sejarah Buffalo, tahun 1950-an hingga 1970-an, ketika hari-hari kejayaan memberi jalan kepada kemiskinan dan hawar pasca-industri. Dari ketegangan rasial dan pelarian kulit putih ke skema pembaruan perkotaan yang dipikirkan dengan buruk hingga disinvestasi ekonomi, Kota di Danau menganalisis semua aspek di balik penurunan Kerbau pada abad ke-20 bersama dengan Sabuk Karat lainnya. Namun, sangat kontras dengan nada pesimistis dari pendahulunya yang berjudul ironis, nada keseluruhan adalah nada penuh harapan yang, pada awal tahun 1990, beberapa komentator lain belum berani menyerang.
    • Kota di Tepian: Buffalo, New York, 1900-Sekarang (ISBN 9781591024576 ). Terlepas dari apa yang mungkin disarankan oleh subtitle, Kota di Tepi lebih dari sekadar pengulangan dari dua buku pertama Goldman — zaman kegelapan yang sekarang ditinggalkan Buffalo diceritakan hanya sebagai pendahuluan dari apa yang merupakan surat cinta untuk institusi budaya, ikatan komunitas yang kuat, dan semangat bertahan hidup yang telah lapuk badai dan sekarang berfungsi sebagai fondasi untuk membangun Buffalo yang dihidupkan kembali. Akhir buku ini terputus dengan nada akademis terukur dari sisa seri, melukiskan gambaran cerah tentang masa depan skenario terbaik Buffalo dan menyusun peta jalan yang komprehensif untuk bagaimana (dan bagaimana tidak) untuk sampai ke sana.

Menonton

Sejarah dan sejauh mana hubungan Buffalo dengan sinema Amerika mungkin mengejutkan bagi sebagian orang. Di awal sejarah film, pusat kota Buffalo's Gedung Ellicott Square adalah rumah bagi teater gambar bergerak permanen pertama di dunia, the Teater Vitascope, yang dibuka pada 19 Oktober 1896 oleh Mitchel dan Moe Mark, yang beberapa tahun kemudian membangun "istana film" pertama di dunia di New York City. Juga pada tahun 1896, Thomas Edison mengirim kru kamera ke Buffalo, menjadikannya salah satu kota pertama di Amerika yang muncul di film. Edison juga memiliki Pan-American Exposition yang difilmkan pada tahun 1901.

Di bawah naungan Komisi Film Buffalo Niagara, industri film embrionik telah berkembang di daerah yang mulai menghasilkan beberapa fitur independen yang berkualitas. Ini dan lebih dari 100 film lain yang telah diambil gambarnya di daerah Buffalo selama abad terakhir meliputi:

  • Sembunyikan di Pandangan Biasa (1980). Berdasarkan kisah nyata. Seorang suami kelas pekerja (James Caan) mencoba melacak istri dan anak-anaknya yang disembunyikan oleh program perlindungan saksi.
  • Alami (1984). Robert Redford dan Glenn Close membintangi adaptasi novel Bernard Malamud tentang Roy Hobbs, seorang pemain bisbol misterius yang muncul entah dari mana untuk membalikkan nasib tim tahun 1930-an.
  • Vamping (1984). Dalam drama indie noirish yang disutradarai oleh putra asli setempat Frederick King Keller, Patrick Duffy adalah pemain saksofon yang putus asa yang terlibat dalam skema pemilik toko barang antik yang bengkok untuk merampok rumah seorang janda kaya, lalu akhirnya jatuh. cinta dengan korbannya. Sebagai sebuah film, ini memang anggaran rendah, kekacauan amatir - tetapi jika Anda ingin mendapatkan gambaran yang baik tentang seperti apa Buffalo di tahun 80-an, pound demi pound itu adalah karya yang lebih baik daripada Alami, berkat banyak rekaman Allentown, Lincoln Parkway, Larkinville, dan yang baru saja ditutup Terminal Pusat Kerbau.
  • Kerbau '66 (1998). Vincent Gallo, penduduk asli Buffalo, menulis, menyutradarai, dan membintangi komedi gelap yang mendapat pujian kritis tentang seorang pria yang, setelah dibebaskan dari penjara karena kejahatan yang tidak dilakukannya, bersumpah untuk melacak placekicker Buffalo Bills yang menempatkannya di sana, selama ini memaksa seorang penari tap muda (Christina Ricci) untuk menyamar sebagai istrinya untuk mendapatkan rasa hormat dari orang tuanya yang lalai.
  • Manna dari Surga (2002). Pemerannya bertabur bintang - Shirley Jones, Cloris Leachman, Seymour Cassel, dan Frank Gorshin semuanya memainkan peran, dan itu adalah penampilan terakhir di film Jerry Orbach dan Shelley Duvall sebelum kematian dan pensiun mereka masing-masing dari bisnis pertunjukan - tetapi peran utama milik pendatang baru Ursula Burton, memainkan seorang biarawati dalam misi untuk meyakinkan tetangga masa kecilnya yang eksentrik untuk membayar "pinjaman" dari Tuhan, yang datang dalam bentuk hujan uang dolar yang misterius ke lingkungan Buffalo-nya 20 tahun sebelumnya .
  • Orang-Orang Liar (2007). Laura Linney dan Philip Seymour Hoffman memerankan Wendy dan Jon Savage, saudara lelaki dan perempuan terasing yang terhubung kembali satu sama lain dan mulai memeriksa kehidupan disfungsional mereka setelah berkumpul untuk memindahkan ayah tua mereka ke panti jompo di Buffalo.
  • Kejahatan Henry (2011). Keanu Reeves berperan sebagai mantan kolektor tol Thruway yang, setelah menghabiskan waktu di penjara karena kejahatan yang tidak dilakukannya, memutuskan untuk membalas dendam dengan memegang dalam kehidupan nyata bank yang sama dengan yang dia salah dihukum karena merampok.
  • Sisi Amerika (2016). Matthew Broderick, Janeane Garofalo, dan Robert Forster semuanya cameo dalam film noir yang luar biasa ini, tetapi bintangnya adalah pendatang baru lokal Greg Stuhr. Dia berperan sebagai detektif swasta kecil-kecilan Charlie Paczynski, yang, saat menyelidiki pembunuhan penari telanjang di Air Terjun Niagara, tersandung pada konspirasi tingkat tinggi untuk membangun penemuan yang belum direalisasi yang ditemukan dalam "kertas hilang" yang baru digali dari Nikola Tesla.
  • Marshall (2017). Chadwick Boseman memainkan peran utama dalam karya periode ini yang mengikuti Thurgood Marshall muda, hakim Mahkamah Agung Afrika-Amerika pertama di masa depan, pada salah satu kasus pertama dan paling penting dalam karir hukumnya: membela sopir hitam (Sterling K. Brown ) dituduh melakukan pemerkosaan dan percobaan pembunuhan terhadap majikan kulit putihnya yang kaya (Kate Hudson) pada tahun 1940 Connecticut.

Informasi pengunjung

  • Kunjungi Buffalo Niagara, 403 Jalan Utama, bebas pulsa: 1 800 283-3256, ✉. M-F 9AM-5PM, Sa 10AM-2PM. Asosiasi pengunjung resmi untuk wilayah Buffalo/Air Terjun Niagara. Lokasi mereka di pusat kota di Gedung Brisbane menawarkan informasi, brosur, dan souvenir. Visit Buffalo Niagara juga mengoperasikan Pusat Pengunjung lain di Bandara Internasional Buffalo Niagara yang buka M-Sa 6AM-7PM, Su 6AM-6PM. 

Berbicara

Bahasa Inggris dituturkan di Buffalo dan daerah sekitarnya secara hampir universal. Meskipun West Side dikenal sebagai rumah komunitas Hispanik kota (terutama Puerto Rico dan Dominika), mayoritas Latin Buffalo dapat berbicara bahasa Inggris serta Spanyol. Juga di West Side, ada beragam komunitas imigran generasi pertama yang berpusat di sekitar Grant Street, yang sebagian besar berbicara bahasa Inggris di samping bahasa asli mereka (Amharik, Somalia, Vietnam, Burma, dan Bengali yang menonjol. ). Bagaimanapun, pengunjung West Side tidak akan memiliki masalah yang berarti terkait dengan bahasa.

Meskipun lingkungan Buffalo mencakup banyak kantong etnis yang hidup, sangat sedikit penduduk distrik ini (selain mungkin beberapa individu lanjut usia) yang dapat berbicara lebih dari satu atau dua kata atau dua bahasa leluhur masing-masing.

Dialek regional bahasa Inggris yang dituturkan di Buffalo — terutama di kalangan kelas pekerja Italia dan Polandia — termasuk dalam kerangka Inland Northern American English, dengan suara vokal yang keras, sengau, sedikit terjepit dalam kata-kata seperti "car" dan "stop " dan penghilangan suara keras "th" (di mana "ini" dan "itu" menjadi "dis" dan "dat"), dialek yang akan langsung akrab bagi mereka yang mengingat orang-orang "Da Bears" dari Live Sabtu Malam. Meskipun demikian, twist Buffalo pada dialek Inland North melibatkan beberapa fitur unik seperti penggunaan plosif akhir kata bersuara ("dingin" menjadi "colt", "karpet" menjadi "ruck"), dan kebiasaan mengakhiri kalimat dengan kata "there" (diucapkan "dare") dengan cara yang sama seperti orang Kanada menggunakan "eh?" — dua pola bicara yang terkenal lazim di antara komunitas Polandia Buffalo.

Masuk

Dengan pesawat

Terlepas dari foto ini, Bandara Internasional Buffalo Niagara adalah bandara tersibuk di Upstate New York.

From the airport, Buffalo is accessible via four NFTA bus routes:

  • NFTA Metro Bus #24 — Genesee runs four different routes, three of which serve the airport. Bus #24B dan Bus #24L run between the airport and Canalside via Genesee Street, also serving the Municipal Transportation Center. The latter of the two is advertised as a more convenient service with a limited number of intermediate stops, but in reality the difference in travel time between the L and the B is insignificant (42-43 minutes vs. 47-48 minutes), so it doesn't really matter which one you take. Express service is offered Monday through Friday by Bus #24X, with four inbound trips in the morning (leaving the airport at 6:03AM, 7:03AM, 7:33AM, and 8:03AM) and four outbound ones in the afternoon (leaving Canalside at 3:50PM, 4:20PM, 4:45PM, and 5:20PM). Travel time to and from the airport is about half an hour. Finally, if you plan to take the bus back to the airport at the end of your visit, make sure not to board Bus #24A, whose route ends at the city line in a not-very-nice neighborhood.
  • NFTA Metro Bus #47 — Youngs Road runs 15 times per day from Monday to Friday from the airport through Williamsville to the University Metro Rail Station, from which point downtown is easily accessible via the subway.
  • NFTA Metro Bus #68 — George Urban Express makes one trip in each direction Monday through Friday between the airport and the Buffalo-Exchange Street Amtrak station downtown, leaving the airport at 6:56AM and leaving the train station at 4:38PM. Outbound trips (towards the airport) also serve the Buffalo Metropolitan Transportation Center.

In addition, the Buffalo Niagara International Airport is served directly by a number of intercity bus lines; see the "By bus" section. All buses, NFTA and long-distance, are boarded at the bus lane on the east side of the terminal, on the arrivals level. This is also where Uber dan Lyft (see "Ride sharing" section below) pick up.

Buffalo Airport Taxi's stand, as well as a number of rental car facilities, are found directly across from the terminal's main exit, on the arrivals level. For more information on taxi service and car rental, see the "Get around" section below.

For those who are coming by private plane and want to avoid the congestion of Buffalo Niagara International Airport, the closest alternative is Buffalo Airfield di West Seneca. Other general-aviation airports in the vicinity include Buffalo Lancaster Regional Airport di Lancaster, Akron Airport di Akron, dan North Buffalo Suburban Airport di Lockport.

Dengan mobil

Itu New York State Thruway (Interstate 90) runs east to west and connects Buffalo to other major cities and regions — New York City, the Hudson Valley, Albany, Utica, Syracuse, dan Rochester to the east, and Erie and Cleveland to the west. The New York State Thruway is a toll highway over most of its length, with the sole exception of the toll-free portion between Exits 50 and 55, which roughly corresponds to Buffalo's inner-ring suburbs. The New York State Thruway Authority accepts E-ZPass for toll payment, as well as cash.

Interstate 190 begins at Exit 53 of I-90 near the city line, extending west into downtown. At that point, it turns northward and mostly parallels the Niagara River, linking Buffalo to Niagara Falls and extending onward to Canada via the Lewiston-Queenston Bridge. Interstate 290 links I-90 with I-190 via Buffalo's northern suburbs. Interstate 990 runs southwest-to-northeast through suburban Amherst between I-290 and the hamlet of Millersport, after which point Lockport is easily accessible via NY 263 (Millersport Highway) and NY 78 (Transit Road).

If coming from Ontario, the Queen Elizabeth Way (QEW) is the best way to access Buffalo. The most direct border crossing into Buffalo, the Peace Bridge, is at the end of the QEW in Fort Erie. Other bridge crossing options include the Rainbow Bridge in Niagara Falls, along with the Lewiston-Queenston Bridge in Lewiston. All of these bridges are easily accessible from the QEW; follow the well-posted signs.

By car, Buffalo is about two hours from Toronto, one to one and a half hours from Rochester, two and a half hours from Syracuse, and six to seven hours from New York City.

Average wait times at the various border entries vary: at the Peace Bridge in Buffalo/Fort Erie and the Rainbow Bridge in Niagara Falls, wait times over 30 minutes are unusual on most days other than holiday weekends, whereas at the Lewiston-Queenston Bridge, the norm is 30-60 minutes, more on holiday weekends.

Dengan kereta api

Buffalo is accessible from the east and west by Amtrak, which services two stations in or near Buffalo.

  • Buffalo-Depew (BUF) is at 55 Dick Rd. in the suburb of Depew, about 8 miles (12 km) east of the city. The Buffalo-Depew station can be reached by cab or (with considerable difficulty) via NFTA Metro Bus #46 — Lancaster.
  • Itu Buffalo-Exchange Street (BFX) station is downtown at 75 Exchange St., near the Buffalo Metropolitan Transportation Center, and is directly accessed by a number of NFTA Metro Bus routes. Unlike Buffalo-Depew, there is no QuickTrak Machine and the ticket office is not open for certain departures. Passengers needing to purchase or pick up tickets for a departure when the ticket office is closed will need to do so in advance of the date of departure, or print out an e-ticket from online. Tickets can also be mailed to you, but this option is slower and more expensive. Fares, schedules, and reservations are available through Amtrak.

Buffalo is served by the following Amtrak lines:

  • Itu Empire Service runs from New York City via Yonkers, Croton-on-Hudson, Poughkeepsie, Rhinecliff, Hudson, Albany (Rensselaer), Schenectady, Amsterdam, Utica, Rome, Syracuse, and Rochester, and continues past Buffalo to Niagara Falls.
  • Itu Maple Leaf, which runs from Toronto via Oakville, Burlington (Aldershot), Grimsby, St. Catharines, Niagara Falls, Ontario, and Niagara Falls, USA, then continues to New York City along the same route as the Empire Service.
  • Itu Lake Shore Limited, which, unlike the Empire Service and Maple Leaf, only serves Buffalo-Depew. Eastbound trains on this route travel from Chicago via South Bend, Elkhart, Waterloo, Bryan, Toledo, Sandusky, Elyria, Cleveland, and Erie. Westbound trains begin either at Boston or New York City; trains from Boston proceed to Albany via Framingham, Worcester, Springfield, dan Pittsfield; with trains from New York City making stops at Croton-on-Hudson and Poughkeepsie. At Albany, the two routes converge and trains follow the same route as the Empire Service, stopping at Schenectady, Utica, Syracuse, and Rochester.

Dengan bus

Itu Buffalo Metropolitan Transportation Center, at 181 Ellicott St. downtown, serves as Buffalo's hub for intercity buses, a stop on most NFTA Metro Bus routes, and the city's main taxi terminal.

The following bus routes serve the Buffalo Metropolitan Transportation Center:

Service from Jamestown melalui Fredonia, Dunkirk, and various points in between.
Service from Olean melalui Franklinville, East Aurora, Buffalo Niagara International Airport, and various points in between.
Service from DuBois melalui St. Marys, Bradford, Olean, Salamanca, Ellicottville, Springville, and various points in between.
Service from Cleveland via Ashtabula and Erie (not all runs stop at all intermediate cities).
Service from New York City via Newark, Binghamton, Cortland, Syracuse, Rochester, Batavia, and Buffalo Niagara International Airport (not all runs stop at all intermediate cities).
Service from New York City via Scranton, Binghamton, Ithaca, Geneva, Rochester, and Batavia.
Service from Boston via Worcester, Springfield, Albany, Schenectady, Amsterdam, Utica, Syracuse, Rochester, Batavia, and Buffalo Niagara International Airport (not all runs stop at all intermediate cities).
Service from Toronto via Mississauga, Burlington, Grimsby, St. Catharines, Niagara Falls, and Fort Erie (not all runs stop at all intermediate cities).
Service from New York City via Syracuse, Rochester, and Buffalo Niagara International Airport.
Service from Toronto via St. Catharines, Niagara Falls, and Fort Erie (not all runs stop at all intermediate cities), and onward to the Buffalo Niagara International Airport.
Service from Washington, D.C. via Baltimore and Philadelphia.

Dengan kapal

As the place where the Erie Canal met vast Lake Erie, Buffalo's early growth came thanks to the Great Lakes shipping industry. Nowadays the canal has been rerouted to end downstream in Tonawanda, but that's not to say that the canal and the lake aren't still a fairly common, if novel, way to arrive in Buffalo. The West Side, downtown, and the Outer Harbor boast a variety of places for boats to dock. For visitors, the best place to dock is:

  • Erie Basin Marina, 329 Erie St., ☏ 1 716 851-6501. Season lasts May 1st-Oct 15th. The Erie Basin Marina is not only one of the premier venues in Buffalo for locals and visitors to moor their boats, it's also a true waterfront destination in itself — the marina boasts two restaurants (The Hatch for burgers, hot dogs, and the like, and William K's for more upscale fare), the verdant Erie Basin Marina Gardens, an observation tower boasting stunning views of Buffalo's downtown and waterfront, and even a waterfront boardwalk that leads to a small swimming beach. As well, the Ship Store at the base of the observation tower (M-F noon-6PM, Sa-Su 10AM-7PM in season) stocks a full range of snacks, boating supplies, and essentials such as sunscreen, and there's also a fueling station. The Erie Basin Marina is within easy walking distance of Canalside and the Naval and Military Park. Transient slip rental based on length of boat, $1.90 per foot per day. 

Berkeliling

For most visitors to Buffalo, access to an automobile will prove extremely useful, if not quite utterly necessary. Buffalo's public transportation system provides access to the majority of the metropolitan area. Travelling around the city proper by public transit can be relatively hassle-free, especially on weekdays; however, transit riders travelling to the suburbs should be prepared for service that is infrequent (and, on the weekends, often non-existent).

Itu Kensington Expressway approaches its western terminus in downtown Buffalo.

Dengan mobil

In addition to the Interstate highways mentioned in the "Get In" section, Buffalo has several intraurban expressways useful to visitors:

  • Itu Kensington Expressway (NY 33) begins at the airport on Genesee Street, proceeding westward through the suburb of Cheektowaga and the East Side before turning southward and concluding downtown at Oak Street.
  • Itu Scajaquada Expressway (NY 198) is a short highway that connects the Kensington Expressway with Interstate 190. The Scajaquada is a convenient route to the neighborhoods of Parkside and the Elmwood Village, the popular commercial strips of Hertel Avenue and Grant Street, as well as attractions like Delaware Park, the Albright-Knox Art Gallery, the Buffalo History Museum, the Darwin D. Martin House, and the Burchfield Penney Art Center.
  • Itu Buffalo Skyway (NY 5) begins downtown at I-190, extending southward parallel to the shore of Lake Erie with access to Gallagher Beach, Tifft Nature Preserve, and other Outer Harbor attractions. After passing over the Union Ship Canal via the Father Baker Bridge, the divided highway ends, but Route 5 continues as a wide, busy six-lane surface road (variously known as the Hamburg Turnpike, Lake Shore Road, or simply Route 5) that passes through the suburban areas of Lackawanna and Hamburg and continuing southward along the lake shore.

Buffalo's highway system was designed for a city twice its size (a reflection of the population loss the area has undergone between the 1950s and today); as a result of that, the city does not suffer nearly as much from traffic congestion as other U.S. cities. Rush hour, such as it is, occurs on weekdays roughly from 6:30AM-9AM and from 4PM-6:30PM. A good rule of thumb the locals know is that, even at the height of rush hour, it generally takes no more than 30 minutes to drive from downtown to the outer edge of suburbia.

Rental cars

Rental car facilities can be found mainly at the Buffalo Niagara International Airport. Alamo, Avis, Anggaran, Dollar, Enterprise, Hertz, dan National all have offices directly on airport property, while the Buffalo locations of ACE dan Fox Rent A Car operate out of the Quality Inn across the street.

In addition, Hertz, Anggaran, dan Enterprise all operate smaller car rental facilities at various locations in the city itself. See the various district articles for more information on those.

Car sharing

Members of the Zipcar car-sharing program can access vehicles in the Buffalo area from various locations in the city, as well as from the North Campus of the University at Buffalo in nearby Amherst. See the district articles for further information.

Ride sharing

After what seemed like an eternity of political wrangling, New York's state legislature fully legalized ride-sharing in June 2017, whereupon both Uber and Lyft immediately started operating in Buffalo. As of November 2017, pricing for both includes a booking fee of $2.15, plus a base fare of $1.10, plus 22¢ per minute and 95¢ per mile on top of that, atau a minimum total fare of $7.35 (Uber) or $5.20 (Lyft). There's also a $3.00 surcharge for service to and from the Buffalo Niagara International Airport for Lyft, but tidak Uber. Surge pricing comes into effect during certain periods of high demand, and can inflate the above prices drastically.

By public transportation

Buffalo's public transportation system is operated by the Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority (NFTA). They run a single-line light rail system (the Metro Rail) as well as an extensive bus network. The NFTA system is focused around three main nodes. From largest to smallest, these nodes are located in downtown Buffalo, at University Station (at the outer end of the Metro Rail), and at the Portage Road Transit Center in Niagara Falls. Most of the buses whose routes begin and end downtown access the Buffalo Metropolitan Transportation Center directly; many also service the Buffalo-Exchange Street Amtrak station.

The Metro Rail extends along Main Street from the University at Buffalo's South Campus at the northeast corner of the city southward to Canalside in downtown Buffalo, a distance of 6.4 miles (10.3 km). With nearly 25,000 riders per day, the Metro Rail boasts the third-highest number of passengers per mile (km) among light-rail systems in the United States. The northern portion of the system is below ground. As the subway enters the downtown core, at the Theater District, it emerges from the tunnel and runs at street level for the remainder of its length. Rides on the above-ground portion of the Metro Rail are free of charge. To ride in the underground portion of the system, it costs $4 for a round-trip ticket, or $2 for a one-way ticket. The Metro Rail is a popular mode of transportation for employees and residents who live along the line and north of the city to commute downtown, and also for attendees of downtown events who want to avoid paying high prices for parking.

The NFTA eliminated the zoned fare system in October 2010. Generally speaking, rides on a single bus or light rail vehicle now cost $2.00 regardless of length. The exception is the "Enhanced Express" service introduced by the NFTA in September 2012 and applied to Routes #60 — Niagara Falls Express, #64 — Lockport Express, and #204 — Airport-Downtown Express, as well as to selected runs of Routes #69 — Alden Express and #72 — Orchard Park Express. An additional 50¢ surcharge per trip applies on Enhanced Express buses.

There are no free transfers between buses. Passengers who will need to transfer from the bus to the Metro Rail, from the Metro Rail to a bus, or between bus lines should consider purchasing a day pass for $5. For further information on public transit in Buffalo including schedules and maps of individual routes, visit the NFTA Metro webpage.

By taxi

In Buffalo, taxis can generally be dispatched quickly and with ease; however, in general, the only places where they can be hailed on the street are at the airport and around the Metropolitan Transportation Center, the various downtown hotels, and (at certain times, and with some luck) Allentown, the Elmwood strip, and around the colleges and universities.

By bike

As in many cities, bicycling as an alternative method of transportation is growing more and more popular in Buffalo. However, in terms of the development of infrastructure such as dedicated bike lanes on city streets and bike parking areas, Buffalo lags behind many other "bikeable" cities such as Minneapolis, Portland, and Boston. Despite this, scenic bike routes such as the Shoreline Trail and the Scajaquada Creekside Bike Path are immensely popular with locals, and under the aegis of the city's newly adopted "Complete Streets" program, dedicated bike lanes and other rights-of-way are being added to more and more of the city's streets.

GO Bike Buffalo is the local organization that promotes and advocates for cycling and other sustainable transportation alternatives in Buffalo. Itu Community Bicycle Workshop they operate at 98 Colvin Ave. in North Buffalo offers used parts and complete refurbished bikes for sale, as well as special programs periodically throughout the year.

Reddy Bikeshare has about three dozen bike racks around the city, including this one on Delaware Avenue downtown.

Bike sharing

After a three-year pilot program that was a smashing success, the erstwhile Buffalo BikeShare relaunched in July 2016 as Reddy Bikeshare, with Independent Health newly on board as a corporate sponsor. Almost instantaneously, the bright red bikes and racks became a ubiquitous sight along city streets. Today, Reddy has 200 bikes to tool around town on, each GPS-equipped with Social Bicycles (SoBi) technology. Rates are $8.50 for a 30-day membership or $55 for an annual membership, after which point use of the bikes costs 6¢ and 1¢ per minute, respectively.

To use a Reddy bike, sign in to the SoBi mobile app to find and reserve an available bike at any of the various Reddy racks around the city (or simply walk up to a rack and enter your account number and PIN on the bike's keypad to unlock it). Then, when you're finished, simply lock your bike up at any Reddy rack, or else at any public bike rack within one of Reddy's free parking zones (Elmwood Avenue, Allen Street, Main Street downtown, and two locations on the South Campus dari UB). There's a $2 fee for locking a Reddy bike up anywhere other than a Reddy rack or free parking zone. If you need to stop off somewhere along the way, you also have the option to "hold" your Reddy bike, which will enable you to lock it temporarily without incurring the $2 parking fee and without the bike becoming available for reservation by other users. When you're ready to take off again, simply enter your PIN number on the bike's keypad and you're good to go.

See the district articles for the locations of individual Reddy bike racks.

Lihat

For individual listings of attractions, please see the respective distrik articles.

Museums

Buffalo's wealth of cultural attractions is surprising given the city's somewhat small size. The museums here are many and varied, and are a point of pride for Buffalo's citizens. Arguably the most interesting among them are a great number of institutions that focus on the area's past. Those who are curious about Buffalo's rich history are advised to first stop in at the gargantuan Buffalo History Museum which focuses on the city's history in a general sense, then take your pick of the smaller, more specialized museums — the Lower Lakes Marine Historical Society Museum to learn more about the Great Lakes shipping routes that gave Buffalo its importance as an inland port, the Colored Musicians Club Museum or the Nash House Museum for African-American history in Buffalo, the Buffalo Transportation Pierce-Arrow Museum for the story behind Buffalo's importance in the early-20th century automotive industry, the Buffalo Fire Historical Society for the history of firefighting in Buffalo, and more.

Buffalo City Hall is seen in this view down Court Street from Lafayette Square. Built in 1931 from a design by the local firm of Dietel & Wade, it is widely considered one of the world's finest examples of Art Deco architecture.

Art

More so even than its range of cultural attractions, Buffalo's art scene is huge for a city its size, with galleries large and small to suit all tastes. Itu Museum District at the north end of the Elmwood Village is the site of Buffalo's two largest art galleries, the beautiful Albright-Knox and the Burchfield-Penney. Itu Buffalo Religious Arts Center is an off-the-beaten-path gem in Black Rock, dedicated to preserving the statuary, icons, stained glass, and other objets d'art from the many churches and other houses of worship that have closed in the wake of Buffalo's late-20th-century population losses.

Smaller storefront galleries are plentiful, and are concentrated in some of Buffalo's more interesting areas, such as Allentown, the Theater District, dan Hertel Avenue — as well as, increasingly, emerging artistic communities on the Lower West Side, in Grant-Amherst, and just south of the Theater District in the 500 Block of Main Street.

Architecture

More and more, Buffalo's exquisite and well-preserved architecture has grabbed the attention of locals and tourists alike. Buffalo's architecture took center stage when the 2011 National Preservation Conference was held in the city to unanimous acclaim. Buildings from almost every decade of Buffalo's existence are still preserved, with more being restored each year.

An enormous wealth of information about Buffalo's rich architectural heritage is available at the award-winning website, Buffalo Architecture and History.

Di luar rumah

Buffalo is a great place to enjoy the outdoors — especially in the warm months. A side effect of Buffalo's notoriously nasty winters is that locals really make the most of the warm-weather months. Predictably, in March or April on the first nice day of the year, the streets are thronged with pasty-skinned locals, dressed in shorts and tank tops despite the still-chilly temperatures, ravenously drinking in the fresh air and sunlight after the long, bleak winter. Autumn is also a pleasant time to be outdoors in Buffalo, with the crisp, fragrant air a perfect complement to the crunch of fallen leaves underfoot.

The city of Buffalo contains over 200 parks, both large and small. Among the largest and most interesting of Buffalo's parks were designed by Frederick Law Olmsted, unquestionably the greatest landscape architect of the 19th Century, in conjunction with his then-partner Calvert Vaux. Buffalo's Olmsted parks are an interconnected network of six large parks and six smaller green spaces (three of the latter survive today), linked to each other by wide, tree-lined thoroughfares called parkways modeled after the grand boulevards of Paris. Though he would go on to design similar park systems for other cities, Buffalo's is the oldest and one of the best-preserved Olmsted park systems in existence — and the Buffalo Olmsted Parks Conservancy, the not-for-profit that's been in charge of maintenance of the Olmsted park system since 2004, is hard at work repairing and restoring elements that have been lost over the years to put the parks in even better shape than they are now.

Nearly 150 years after it was constructed, Delaware Park continues to fulfill the intent of its designer, allowing citizens of Buffalo to escape into nature without leaving the city limits.

The Olmsted parks that will be of the most interest to visitors are Delaware Park, Buffalo's largest at 234 acres (93 ha) which boasts amenities including the Buffalo Zoo, a Rose Garden and a Japanese Garden, and public art installations, and South Park, which contains the Buffalo & Erie County Botanical Gardens. Additionally, though it's not an Olmsted park, LaSalle Park has an outdoor amphitheater, baseball and soccer fields, a dog run, and walking and jogging trails in a beautiful waterfront setting overlooking Lake Erie.

Speaking of which: as if to defy the ugly, intrusive Interstate 190 dan Buffalo Skyway that run along the shoreline, Buffalo's waterfront is becoming more and more of a focal point for outdoor recreation. Situated in the heart of downtown, Canalside is ground zero for waterfront recreation in Buffalo, with summertime concerts and festivals held seemingly every day in the midst of preserved remnants of the historic Canal District. A number of harbor cruise lines are also based at Canalside, as is the Buffalo and Erie County Naval and Military Park.

Parkland is also abundant on Buffalo's waterfront. In addition to the aforementioned LaSalle Park, Broderick Park is a small green space at the southern tip of Unity Island that's most famous as the northern end of the Bird Island Pier, a 1.3-mile (2 km) walkway with an unparalleled view of the mouth of the Niagara River, lower Lake Erie, and — at its southern tip — the Erie Basin Marina and downtown. Further north, Riverside Park is an Olmsted park at the far northwest corner of the city, adjacent to the Niagara River. Deserving of special mention is the Outer Harbor, a vast expanse of former industrial land south of downtown that became a state park in September 2013. The Outer Harbor features Gallagher Beach, a pebble beach popular with boaters and windsurfers, as well as Times Beach Nature Preserve dan Tifft Nature Preserve, where walking trails meander through wetland habitats filled with migratory birds and native fauna.

Melakukan

Festivals and events

Buffalo's calendar of annual festivals, parades and events is huge and growing. Ethnic pride festivals such as the Buffalo Greek Fest, the Buffalo Italian Heritage Festival, dan Dyngus Day play a preeminent role, though a diversity of events of all kinds is enjoyed by citizens. Naturally, the lion's share of these festivals take place during the warm months, but efforts have been made to expand the slate of offerings in winter as well.

The festivals and events listed in this section take place at multiple venues city- or regionwide. For events specific to a particular venue or neighborhood, see the respective distrik articles.

  • Buffalo Pride Festival. Itu gay rights movement emerged later in conservative, blue-collar Buffalo than it did in many other American cities. However, every year since 1991 in early June, the Buffalo Pride Festival has been helping LGBT Buffalonians and their straight allies make up for lost time, with a festive atmosphere of fun and entertainment infused with a message of tolerance for all people. The Buffalo Pride Festival is multifaceted and multi-venue: it kicks off with a flag-raising ceremony in Niagara Square proudly attended by Buffalo's best and brightest, continues with a "Gay 5K" footrace through the streets of downtown, picks up intensity in Allentown with the Dyke March and a raucous street festival (21 admitted) that sees Allen Street awash in rainbow flags, live music and performances, and street activism, and culminates with the Pride Festival itself in Canalside, a family-friendly event featuring food and drink, entertainment, and information booths. The festival closes out each year with a beach party at Woodlawn Beach State Park in Hamburg. 
  • National Garden Festival. This "five-week-long garden party" has, since its inception several years ago, turned Buffalo into one of the premier destinations in the U.S. for garden tourism. Under the aegis of the National Garden Festival fall not only Garden Walk Buffalo, the centerpiece of the festivities that The Atlantic magazine cited as the best event of its kind in the nation, but also many other garden walks throughout the various neighborhoods of Buffalo (and, beginning in 2012, even in the suburbs!) where participating residents design and maintain beautiful gardens in their front yards for walkers to enjoy. In addition, there are bus tours of the area's various urban farms, nurseries, and community gardens, weekday Open Gardens, speakers, symposia and the popular Front Yard Garden Competition. Itu Buffalo and Erie County Botanical Gardens, the Erie Basin Marina Gardens, Delaware Park's Japanese Garden dan Rose Garden, and even the Elmwood-Bidwell Farmer's Market are, understandably, replete with visitors during the National Garden Festival. Garden Walk Buffalo di Wikipedia 
  • Buffalo Infringement Festival. This celebration of genre-defying, boundary-pushing DIY art and spectacle by artists who may not have the straight-world cachet or blockbuster budgets of those who display at the Allentown or Elmwood Avenue festivals takes place annually on the last week of July and the first week of August. Displays of music, dance, theater, and visual arts, as well as more offbeat genres such as puppetry, fire art, mime, and "miscellaneous insurrection", can be seen at a multiplicity of venues around the city free or for a nominal price. 
  • Jack Craft Fair. Lovers of everything artisanal, take note: since 2014, the Jack Craft Fair has been at the service of Buffalonians and visitors alike with a panoply of decorative and functional objets d'art — the handiwork of over 100 different artists and artisans — for sale every mid-August at a different venue each year. But this is far from your average junk sale: aside from the live music performances, interactive public art displays, and roster of about a half-dozen workshops for those who'd like to try their hand at their own DIY project, the Jack Craft Fair's lineup of vendors is carefully and rigorously curated by founder and lead organizer Sam Epps, the better for visitors to experience the true crème de la crème of the Western New York and Southern Ontario creative community. Gratis. (updated Dec 2017)
  • Buffalo International Film Festival. Founded in 2006, the not-for-profit Buffalo International Film Festival is presented yearly by the Buffalo Film Society in late September and early October with a mission of highlighting the cinematic contributions of individuals of the past and present who hail from Western New York. Furthermore, the Buffalo International Film Festival's focus also includes exposing people in Buffalo and the surrounding region to exciting works of film by lesser-known individuals around the world who represent a diverse array of cultures, ethnicities, and educational backgrounds. An exciting array of workshops and symposia are also presented. Festival Film Internasional Buffalo di Wikipedia 

Sports

Make no mistake about it — Buffalo is a sports town. Buffalonians are doggedly loyal to their teams despite the fact that the city hasn't won a national championship in any of the big four American sports since 1965 — the four fruitless trips to the Super Bowl by the Buffalo Bills and two to the Stanley Cup Finals by the Sabres in the intervening years are losses that local fans have been looking to avenge for a long time.

Major-league sports are played downtown at the KeyBank Center, where the National Hockey League's Buffalo Sabres have their home ice, and at New Era Field in suburban Orchard Park where the Buffalo Bills play for the National Football League.

Buffalo has a number of teams in smaller leagues as well. These teams tend to be more successful on the field than the big-league clubs. Baseball's Buffalo Bisons have won seven pennants in the AAA-level International League and American Association, most recently in 2004; they play at Sahlen Field downtown. Itu Buffalo Bandits play indoor lacrosse at the KeyBank Center and have won four NLL championships. Soccer fans will want to check out the NPSL's FC Buffalo; matches take place at All-High Stadium on Main Street. Finally, the city's newest sports team, the Buffalo Beauts, play their National Women's Hockey League opponents at the HarborCenter.

In the world of college sports, the University at Buffalo's Buffalo Bulls reign supreme. Bulls football and basketball games are played on the North Campus in Amherst, at UB Stadium dan Alumni Arena masing-masing. Canisius College's Golden Griffins, who play at the Koessler Athletic Center on Main Street and the HarborCenter downtown, also have a sizable local following.

Golf

Golfers visiting the area might want to check out the suburbs first; public and private courses are plentiful outside the city limits. However, those who want to hit the links in Buffalo itself can do so in style. No fewer than three of Buffalo's Olmsted parks — Delaware, Cazenovia, dan South Parks — boast golf courses (the former has 18 holes, the latter two have nine), and the Grover Cleveland Golf Course in University Heights is famous as the site of the 1912 U.S. Open. See the distrik articles for more details on individual courses.

Anglers cast their lines into the Upper Niagara River at Broderick Park.

Penangkapan ikan

Buffalo is a hotspot for freshwater fishing, with a remarkable diversity of species thanks to its location at the junction of Lake Erie and the Niagara River, which each feature different scenarios for anglers.

In Lake Erie, the marquee catch is smallmouth bass: the Queen City has been recognized by Bassmaster magazine as one of the top three bass fishing destinations in the United States. If you're angling from shore — say, at Buffalo Harbor State Park atau Ship Canal Commons in South Buffalo — the prime times are early May through mid-June and October through November, just after the lake thaws and before it freezes again. The bass move to cooler waters in midsummer, but if you have a boat, they're still easily catchable at those times in the deeper parts of the lake. Most of the bass you'll catch will be between 2 and 4 pounds (1 and 2 kg), though it's not unheard of to reel in whoppers of 6 or 7 pounds (3 kg) from time to time. Aside from bass, Lake Erie has some of the best walleye fishing you'll find anywhere, with average catches ranging from 5 to 8 pounds (2.5 to 3.5 kg), as well as muskellunge (especially around the mouth of the Buffalo River) and yellow perch.

The Buffalo River boasts its share of fishing spots too — notably RiverFest Park, Conway Park, Mutual Park, Seneca Bluffs, and other green spaces in the emerald necklace of the Buffalo River Greenway. Despite generations of heavy industry that once left it an ecological dead zone, the river was cleaned up enough by the early 1980s for fish to filter their way in once again, and today a typical catch might include bullhead, largemouth bass, yellow perch, and steelhead trout.

The upper Niagara River, meanwhile, is a great place to catch steelhead, lake trout, and northern pike which teem in its cool, fast-flowing waters all season long. This is also a place to find smallmouth bass in the summer months, when the shoreline areas of Lake Erie are too warm for them. Unity Island is the place to be for river fishing in Buffalo — folks from the West Side's Burmese refugee community reeling in dinner for their families are a regular sight at places like Broderick Park, the Bird Island Pier, dan Unity Island Park. (But think twice before you follow their lead in eating your catch: though the Niagara River and Lake Erie have come a long way in terms of pollution, it's advised to severely restrict if not completely avoid eating fish caught in local waters. For more specific information, see the New York State Department of Health Fish Advisory.)

Gambling

It's no Vegas, but gamblers have a number of options in and around Buffalo.

The $130 million permanent home of the Seneca Buffalo Creek Casino in the historic Cobblestone District opened in 2013 and expanded only four years later; it boasts over 1,100 slot machines and 36 table games. Itu Buffalo Raceway, on the grounds of the Erie County Fair in the suburb of Hamburg, has slot machines, video poker, and, in season, live harness racing.

Further afield, there are several other destinations for fans of horse racing, slots, and other gaming (Niagara Falls foremost among them). See the Pergi selanjutnya section for more on those.

The heart of downtown Buffalo's Theater District, with its great variety of performance venues, restaurants, and other attractions.

Theater

For a city its size, Buffalo has a surprisingly large, active, and diverse theater scene. Even after the closure in 2008 of the biggest producing theater in town, the Studio Arena Theatre, the Theater District, bounded roughly by Washington, Tupper, Franklin, and Chippewa Streets, has remained vibrant, with Curtain Up!, the gala event that marks the opening of the theater season, drawing larger-than-ever crowds downtown each September.

There are plenty of theaters outside the Theater District as well, many of which are connected to the theater programs of the various colleges and universities in the area. See the distrik articles for details.

Live music

For listings of individual venues, see the various district articles.

Despite the many directions in which it has evolved over the decades — from the soulful, R&B-influenced "Buffalo Sound" of the '60s exemplified by local acts like Raven and The Vibratos (the latter featuring a young Cory Wells, later lead singer of Three Dog Night), to a thriving punk, hardcore and new wave scene in the early '80s, to a ragtag brotherhood of vaguely jangly alternative acts in the '90s, to the kaleidoscopic diversity of today — one thing that's always remained the same about Buffalo's music scene is its tight-knit camaraderie, its loyalty to its hometown fan base, and, despite the occasional native son or daughter that's gone on to greater fame (notably Rick James, Ani DiFranco, Brian McKnight, the Goo Goo Dolls, and most recently the Griselda Records hip-hop collective), its relative obscurity outside the confines of the local area. Buffalo may not have the reputation of Austin, but as a live music town it's worthwhile for locals and visitors alike.

Major national touring artists usually take the stage downtown. The biggest of the big stars — your U2's, your Rolling Stones — usually play at the KeyBank Center, or occasionally at New Era Field out in Orchard Park. But downtown also has a handful of midsize concert venues such as the Town Ballroom, Mohawk Place, and the Rec Room that play host to second-tier acts. Visitors from north of the border might be surprised to see many Canadian groups that haven't yet "made it big" in the States playing to packed houses at places like the Town Ballroom — long lacking decent homegrown rock radio, local fans have taken a shine to Toronto stations and, as a result, bands like the Tragically Hip are huge draws in Buffalo. As well, summertime brings well-known names to the outdoor Canalside Live concert series, and Babeville, on Delaware Avenue on the northern fringe of downtown, is both the headquarters of Righteous Babe Records, the label helmed by Buffalo's own Ani DiFranco, and the site of Asbury Hall, a concert venue situated in a former church that regularly hosts shows by Righteous Babe's stable of folky indie singer-songwriters and other artists of the same ilk.

Jika musik lokal adalah yang Anda cari, dua lingkungan hotspot adalah Allentown dan Grant-Amherst. Bar Allentown suka Hutan Bohemian Duke dan yang bertingkat Nietzsche adalah tempat yang bagus untuk melihat rocker lokal dan penyanyi-penulis lagu melakukan pekerjaan mereka — biasanya dua lusin band yang sama memainkan "kursi musik" di antara tempat-tempat tersebut. Meskipun jarang, kadang-kadang Anda bahkan akan melihat nama yang terkenal secara nasional naik ke panggung di tempat-tempat ini (ini tampaknya paling sering terjadi di Duke's). Di Grant-Amherst, Anda lebih mungkin untuk menangkap tindakan country, blues, atau akar-rock — inti dari adegan musik Grant-Amherst, Kedai Olahragawan, menyebut dirinya "sendi bir paling honkiest, tonkiest di kota".

Penggemar jenis musik lain juga tidak ketinggalan: pertunjukan blues di Main Street Panggangan Central Park legendaris lokal, penggemar jazz dapat menghadiri konser hebat di tempat bersejarah Klub Musisi Berwarna atau lihat pameran tentang sejarah musik lokal di museum terlampir, dan Aula Musik Kleinhans, tempat Buffalo Philharmonic Orchestra mengadakan pengadilan, adalah Tempat Bersejarah yang Terdaftar Secara Nasional yang dirancang dengan akustik yang sempurna oleh arsitek Eliel dan Eero Saarinen.

Belajar

Buffalo adalah rumah bagi sejumlah besar perguruan tinggi dan universitas swasta dan negeri. Sekolah terbesar di daerah ini adalah Universitas di Buffalo (UB). Salah satu dari empat "pusat universitas" di Universitas Negeri New York (SUNY), UB terkenal sebagai universitas riset publik yang besar. Untuk alasan ini, itu adalah salah satu dari 62 anggota terpilih dari Asosiasi Universitas Amerika yang bergengsi. UB memiliki dua kampus: yang lebih kecil Kampus Selatan berada di lingkungan University Heights di sudut timur laut kota, dan yang lebih besar Kampus Utara berada di pinggiran kota Amherst, sekitar empat mil (6 km) timur laut dari Kampus Selatan.

Perguruan Tinggi Negeri Buffalo, juga bagian dari sistem SUNY, berada di seberang Galeri Seni Albright-Knox, di ujung utara Desa Elmwood. Kolese Kanisius adalah perguruan tinggi swasta terbesar di Buffalo, terletak di dekat persimpangan Humboldt Parkway dan Main Street. Perguruan tinggi dan universitas lain di kota dan daerah sekitarnya meliputi Universitas Trocaire, Universitas Medanille, Universitas Villa Maria, D'Youville Collegeville, Universitas Daemen, dan tiga kampus Perguruan Tinggi Komunitas Erie.

Universitas di Buffalo memiliki acara tahunan Seri Pembicara Terhormat, yang telah menjadi tuan rumah bagi Bill Clinton, Al Gore, Michael Moore, Dalai Lama, Stephen Colbert, dan Dr. Sanjay Gupta. Acara ini berlangsung di Kampus Utara dan terbuka untuk umum; tiket tersedia dari box office Universitas. UB memiliki seri kuliah musim panas gratis tersedia untuk umum, dan Buffalo State secara teratur memiliki acara terbuka untuk pengunjung.

Membeli

Untuk daftar masing-masing toko, silakan lihat masing-masing distrik artikel.

Buffalo memiliki sejumlah distrik perbelanjaan yang menarik, masing-masing dengan cita rasa tersendiri.

Jalan Elmwood, tulang punggung Desa Elmwood, adalah jalan raya yang ramai dengan butik-butik indah, galeri seni, kafe pinggir jalan, dan restoran mewah.

Itu Desa Elmwood memanjang di sepanjang Elmwood Avenue dari Buffalo State College selatan ke North Street. Area ini berisi berbagai toko kecil dengan nuansa yang sangat "independen" — Anda tidak akan menemukan banyak toko rantai nasional atau restoran di sini. Keistimewaan Elmwood Avenue adalah butik pakaian kelas atas yang melayani kaum urban fashion-maju; itu juga merupakan tempat yang baik untuk mencari seni dan perhiasan yang diproduksi secara lokal, hadiah unik, dan beberapa santapan terbaik yang ditawarkan Buffalo.

Allentown berpusat di sepanjang Allen Street dari Main ke Wadsworth Streets, tetapi terutama di sebelah barat Linwood Avenue. Berdekatan, dan mirip dalam beberapa hal, dengan Desa Elmwood, Allentown memiliki lebih banyak getaran bohemian dan artistik dibandingkan dengan mahasiswa dan yuppies yang sering mengunjungi Elmwood. Di tengah menjamurnya bar hipster, Anda akan melihat banyak toko barang antik, galeri seni kecil, dan toko pakaian dengan gaya yang lebih urban.

Jalan Hertel, antara Delaware dan Parkside Avenues di North Buffalo, adalah rumah bagi beragam toko kecil yang terus berkembang. Hertel adalah tempat untuk mengunjungi galeri seni, berbelanja furnitur antik dan kontemporer dan dekorasi rumah, bersantai di toko-toko utama seperti Stasiun Terrapin, dan cicipi masakan Timur Tengah di berbagai restoran dan bodegas di ujung barat jalan, dekat Delaware Avenue.

Grant Street, yang membentang dari utara ke selatan melalui Upper West Side, adalah jalan raya utama dari dua area perbelanjaan yang baru direvitalisasi di area kota yang berkembang pesat ini. Peregangan antara (kurang lebih) West Delavan Avenue dan Hampshire Street, yang berpusat di West Ferry Street, adalah jalur komersial yang sedang naik daun yang dikenal sebagai Grant-Ferry. Sebuah "melting pot" sejati, dengan orang-orang Hispanik yang telah berada di sini selama bertahun-tahun sekarang bergabung dengan mahasiswa Somalia, Asia Tenggara, Arab, Eropa Timur, dan Buffalo State College, Grant-Ferry adalah rumah bagi koleksi etnis yang sederhana namun terus berkembang. pasar makanan, toko pakaian, dan lain sebagainya. Juga, Hibah-Amherst, tidak jauh ke utara di sudut Amherst Street, dinobatkan sebagai "Lingkungan Mendatang Terbaik" Buffalo dalam kompetisi "Buffalo 2011 Terbaik" di suara seni. Grant-Amherst menawarkan koleksi galeri seni, toko barang antik, dan restoran yang kecil namun terus berkembang dalam jarak berjalan kaki dari Buffalo State College. Pengunjung harus diperingatkan, bagaimanapun, bahwa meskipun peningkatan yang sedang berlangsung, lingkungan di sekitar Grant Street masih "lebih berpasir" daripada tempat-tempat seperti Elmwood Village dan Allentown.

Di 'burbs dapat ditemukan barisan mal dan plaza yang biasa. Mal terbesar di daerah ini adalah Galeri Walden, di Walden Avenue di Cheektowaga, 10 menit dari pusat kota melalui Kensington Expressway dan/atau Interstate 90. Lainnya termasuk Boulevard Mall di Amherst, McKinley Mall di perbatasan antara Hamburg dan Orchard Park, dan Mall Bukit Timur di Clarence. Di Buffalo sendiri, ada area kecil antara Delaware dan Elmwood Avenues di tepi utara kota tempat plaza perbelanjaan, toko kotak besar, dan rantai restoran dapat ditemukan.

Makan

Kerbau adalah surganya makanan enak.

Makanan khas daerah

Sayap Buffalo kanonik: sayap, seledri, keju biru, bir, dan handuk basah.
  • Tidak ada kunjungan yang lengkap tanpa mencoba beberapa Sayap kerbau. Oh, tentu, semuanya berpikir mereka sudah mencobanya, tetapi tidak ada yang sebanding dengan yang bisa Anda dapatkan di Buffalo. (Tapi tolong jangan panggilan mereka "Sayap kerbau"; di sekitar sini, mereka hanya "sayap".) Resep klasik, yang berasal dari tahun 1964 di Jangkar Bar di Main Street, ada sayap ayam yang digoreng garing, lalu dilumuri dengan campuran mentega dan saus pedas (Frank's Red Hot untuk hasil terbaik) dalam proporsi yang bervariasi sesuai dengan toleransi rempah Anda, kemudian secara opsional selesai di atas panggangan untuk sedikit arang ekstra. Perdebatan tentang siapa yang menyajikan sayap terbaik di kota tidak ada habisnya dan sering kali memanas, tetapi sebagai aturan umum, pergilah ke salah satu dari banyak bar sudut terpencil di Buffalo.
Jika Anda bukan penggemar saus Buffalo, hampir di mana saja dengan menu sayap akan menawarkan saus barbekyu sebagai alternatif. Varietas lain yang akan sering Anda temui termasuk bawang putih parmesan, lada lemon (terutama populer di kalangan komunitas Afrika-Amerika Buffalo), mustard madu, dan "gaya Italia" (yaitu dilapisi tepung roti dan disiram saus marinara). Atau untuk sesuatu benar-benar unik, pergilah ke South Buffalo, yang — pernah menjadi lingkungan yang aneh — memilikinya sendiri gaya buatan sendiri sayap yang tidak akan Anda temukan di tempat lain di New York Barat, apalagi di dunia.
  • Dalam nada yang sama: jika Anda menikmati chicken finger, hampir tidak ada tempat yang lebih baik untuk Anda kunjungi selain Buffalo. Seperti kota lain, Anda pasti dapat menemukan mereka disajikan sebagai makanan sendiri, tetapi di sini mereka juga datang dicincang dan digunakan sebagai topping pizza, di taco, salad, dan — di atas segalanya — dalam bentuk subs jari ayam, jari-jari ayam utuh yang diolesi saus sayap kerbau dan digunakan sebagai isian sandwich kapal selam, tidak hanya diberi topping standar seperti selada, tomat, dan bawang bombay, tetapi juga saus keju biru. Sebuah varian adalah sub penyengat, pada dasarnya steak hoagie plus jari ayam. Setiap sub toko atau restoran pizza di kota harus bisa membuatkan Anda chicken finger sub, tetapi untuk stinger, favorit odds-on adalah rantai lokal Jim's Steakout, di mana ia ditemukan.
  • Di luar ranah ayam goreng, spesialisasi lokal lainnya adalah daging sapi di weck, sandwich yang terdiri dari irisan daging sapi panggang yang lembut dan juicy yang dilapisi dengan a kummelweck gulungan (gulungan Kaiser dengan biji jintan dan garam Kosher) dan dihias secara tradisional dengan lobak, semakin banyak semakin baik. Setiap tempat yang menyajikan sandwich panas cenderung memiliki menu daging sapi, tetapi dua restoran yang daging sapinya memiliki reputasi terbaik di antara penduduk setempat adalah Schwabl's (di Center Road di Seneca Barat) dan Charlie si Tukang Daging (Lihat di bawah).
  • Texas hots, terlepas dari namanya, tidak ditemukan di Texas, tetapi di Buffalo, tempat mereka memulai sebagai penawaran unik di restoran Yunani di daerah itu (Seneca Texas Hots mengklaim sebagai yang pertama melayani mereka, meskipun ini adalah masalah perselisihan). Texas hot adalah hot dog yang diolesi dengan mustard, bawang, dan saus daging pedas atau cabai; produk jadi memiliki kemiripan dengan hot dog "Coney Island" yang disajikan di Detroit, meskipun saus cabai di hot dog Texas lebih ringan dan lebih encer konsistensinya.
  • Omong-omong: Makanan Yunani tentu saja hampir tidak dikenal di Amerika Serikat, tetapi di Buffalo itu adalah masakan yang memiliki sejarah panjang dan jangkauan yang sangat luas — telah ada Restoran Yunani di hampir setiap lingkungan sejak 1960-an atau 70-an. Tapi Buffalo tidak memiliki komunitas Yunani yang sangat besar, jadi apa penyebabnya? Semuanya kembali ke Theodore Liaros, yang membuka lokasi pertama jaringan hot dog lokal tercinta Ted's pada tahun 1927, serta tradisi komunitas etnis imigran yang dihormati waktu datang bersama untuk membantu pendatang baru: seiring berjalannya waktu, semakin banyak orang Yunani — beberapa kerabat jauh dari keluarga Liaros, beberapa teman lama dari kampung halamannya — datang ke Buffalo, mempelajari bisnis restoran di Ted's, dan kemudian memulai bisnis mereka sendiri. Bahkan hari ini, daftar pemilik restoran Yunani lokal tetap menjadi jaringan kusut hubungan keluarga dan pernikahan. Untuk makanannya, secara tradisional tempat-tempat ini menyajikan makanan jalanan Yunani versi Amerikanisasi seperti souvlaki, gyro dan spanakopita di samping makanan biasa seperti burger dan sandwich leleh. Model ini masih mendominasi di pinggiran kota, yang juga merupakan tempat di mana Anda kemungkinan besar akan menemukan salah satu yang mempertahankan tradisi lama untuk tetap buka 24 jam, sebuah praktik yang semakin dipinggirkan saat pekerjaan pabrik berbasis shift menghilang. dan anak-anak kuliah tumbuh lebih cenderung menghabiskan larut malam menjejali ujian daripada berpesta. Namun, banyak restoran Yunani di kota yang tepat — khususnya Pano, mitos, dan Akropolis di Elmwood Avenue; Allentown's Restoran Towne adalah pengecualian — telah menemukan kembali diri mereka sendiri dalam nada yang lebih mewah, dengan item menu yang lebih kreatif, dekorasi yang lebih mewah, dan harga yang lebih tinggi.
Jika Anda ingin mencicipi ayam Chiavetta, taruhan terbaik Anda adalah menjaga mata Anda tetap terbuka untuk tanda-tanda seperti ini.
  • Kunci untuk ayam chiavetta (biasanya disingkat menjadi hanya "Chiavetta") adalah bumbunya, ramuan berbasis cuka bawang putih dan sari buah apel yang dibumbui dengan campuran bumbu dan rempah-rempah rahasia (tebakan terpelajar biasanya termasuk lada hitam, saus Worcestershire, dan mungkin jahe, bubuk bawang, dan unggas bumbu) di mana daging duduk selama sekitar empat jam sebelum dipanggang di atas panggangan arang. Hasilnya lembut dan sangat juicy, hanya dengan sedikit arang renyah di kulitnya. Jika ini terdengar menarik, Anda memiliki sejumlah pilihan: Habitat alami Chiavetta adalah pesta rumput gereja, acara penggalangan dana pemadam kebakaran, dan acara informal lainnya, atau jika Anda kebetulan berada di kota selama Pameran Kabupaten Erie, kunjungi stan Perusahaan Katering Chiavetta sendiri untuk mendapatkannya langsung dari sumbernya. Anda akan lebih sulit menemukannya di restoran: jika Anda tidak bisa mengunjungi Lockport Bawa Pulang BBQ Chiavetta, Anda mungkin mencoba Raja Sayap di Elmwood Avenue, yang beberapa lusin varietas saus sayap ayamnya termasuk tiruan Chiavetta yang cukup akurat. Dan jika semuanya gagal, Anda akan menemukan rendamannya di rak sebagian besar supermarket lokal (jika membuatnya sendiri, gunakan tulang paha untuk hasil terbaik; payudara juga tidak menyerap rasanya).
  • Minuman ringan berwarna ungu tua yang tidak berkarbonasi dengan rasa yang dapat digambarkan sebagai sangat manis dan buah secara umum, loganberry tidak benar-benar asli daerah setempat — buah beri itu dihibridisasi di California pada tahun 1883, dan minuman, jeli, dan konsentrat sirup yang dibuat darinya adalah mode nasional singkat sekitar pergantian abad — tetapi hanya di Buffalo yang memiliki daya tahan. Ratu-O adalah pembotolan lokal besar untuk sebagian besar abad ke-20, tetapi tanyakan kepada orang-orang tua di sekitar sini tentang ingatan loganberry mereka dan kemungkinan besar mereka akan membicarakannya Pantai Kristal, sebuah taman hiburan dahulu kala di mana disajikan tidak hanya sebagai minuman tetapi juga dalam bentuk permen lolipop dan permen rasa loganberry. Sekarang Tante Rosie adalah merek paling terkenal, dengan resep berdasarkan formula Crystal Beach dan dimiliki dan didistribusikan secara eksklusif oleh perusahaan pembotolan Pepsi-Cola lokal (tidak PepsiCo sendiri, yang menjelaskan kurangnya ketersediaan di luar Buffalo). Bibi Rosie hanya tersedia di air mancur soda lokal, jadi jika Anda ingin membawa pulang sebotol dari supermarket sebagai suvenir, cari Johnny Ryan sebagai gantinya, dibotolkan di Air Terjun Niagara.
  • Ikan goreng adalah makanan pokok Kerbau yang keberadaannya berasal dari dominasi tradisional Katolik Roma di antara penduduk setempat — umat Katolik yang taat pernah dilarang makan daging merah dan unggas pada hari Jumat. Meski larangan itu tidak berlaku sejak tahun 1960-an, tradisi menikmati ikan goreng pada malam Jumat masih melekat. Resep tradisional melihat filet besar haddock atau cod dilapisi tepung, dilumuri bir dan digoreng sampai berwarna cokelat keemasan, kemudian diakhiri dengan saus tartar dan / atau jus lemon dan disajikan dengan sisi yang mungkin termasuk kentang goreng, coleslaw, atau mungkin makaroni salad. Anda dapat makan ikan goreng di beberapa restoran Buffalo yang lebih enak jika Anda mau, tetapi ini tetap merupakan makanan kelas pekerja di hati dan, oleh karena itu, seperti sayap, ikan goreng terbaik disajikan oleh lubang air lingkungan yang lebih kecil dan sendok berminyak. Harapkan garis untuk benih ikan menjadi sangat panjang selama musim Prapaskah (biasanya Februari-Apr, meskipun bervariasi menurut tahun), ketika aturan lama tanpa daging pada hari Jumat masih berlaku.
  • Kerbau juga memiliki batu tulisnya sendiri permen, kue kering, dan manisan yang berasal dari daerah:
    • permen spons, meskipun itu (bertentangan dengan kepercayaan lokal) tidak unik ke daerah Buffalo, adalah yang paling terkenal dari ini, dan Anda akan menemukannya di toko permen lokal mana pun yang sepadan dengan garamnya. Gula merah, sirup jagung, dan soda kue dicampur menjadi sirup kental dan kemudian dipanggang, melepaskan gelembung gas karbon dioksida dari yang terakhir yang terperangkap dalam campuran saat mengeras dan membentuk toffee, menciptakan interior yang renyah dan berkisi-kisi . Semuanya kemudian ditutup dengan cokelat. Itu milik Fowler rantai toko cokelat konon menjual yang terbaik, meskipun para pesaingnya Watson's dan Permen di tepi taman akan memohon untuk berbeda.
    • Pencinta es krim yang berkunjung ke Kerbau tidak perlu repot menanyakan asal usulnya Sundae Meksiko, yang diselimuti ketidakjelasan, tapi Sebaiknya ambil kesempatan untuk menikmati es krim vanilla favorit asin-manis ini dengan fudge panas, krim kocok, dan — ini adalah bahan utamanya — kacang Spanyol kulit. Di musim panas, salah satu kios es krim lokal yang Anda temukan di sekitar kota memilikinya di menu; jika Anda berkunjung di bulan-bulan yang lebih dingin, taruhan terbaik Anda adalah pergi ke Permen Nick Charlap di Bukit di Seneca Barat.
    • Itu Charlie Chaplin, di mana kelapa parut dan kacang mete cincang ditambahkan ke cokelat leleh dan kemudian dituangkan di atas gumpalan marshmallow halus dan ditaburi garam kasar, diduga dibuat selama kunjungan bintang film eponymous tahun 1917 ke Buffalo untuk pemutaran perdana filmnya Sang petualang. Pulau Stroberi, dalam Pasar Broadway di East Side, adalah tempat yang baik untuk menemukannya; mereka menyajikannya dengan tongkat, berbeda dengan kayu bulat atau nugget seperti di tempat lain.
    • Akhirnya, hati kue, juga dikenal sebagai Sayap malaikat, adalah kue puff berbentuk hati berbentuk hati yang dilapisi lapisan tebal lapisan gula putih yang idealnya keras dan kering di bagian luar dan lembut, lengket, dan manis di bagian dalam. Mereka adalah spesialisasi komunitas Polandia setempat; Toko Roti Mazurek di Bangsal Pertama Lama dan Roti Elang Putih White di atas Pasar Broadway adalah pilihan yang baik untuk di mana mendapatkan beberapa.

Restoran

Untuk daftar restoran, silakan lihat masing-masing distrik artikel.

Padahal daerah itu dulunya merupakan wilayah dari restoran rantai pemotong kue dan "sendok berminyak" yang tidak imajinatif, penduduk setempat setuju bahwa tempat makan di Buffalo telah berkembang pesat dalam dua puluh tahun terakhir. Perusahaan yang semakin inovatif dan berkualitas tinggi semakin sering bermunculan, dan pengunjung — bahkan mereka yang pernah ke Buffalo di masa lalu — mungkin akan terkejut dengan berbagai pilihan.

Sama seperti toko ritel, setiap lingkungan di Buffalo tampaknya memiliki spesialisasinya sendiri dalam hal restoran. Secara umum, kepala pusat kota untuk santapan mewah paling mewah yang ditawarkan Western New York, ke Desa Elmwood untuk pengunjung Yunani dan bar olahraga dudebro, untuk Allentown untuk sadar di atas sepiring "makanan mabuk" setelah malam bar-hopping, untuk Hertel untuk masakan Italia homestyle yang lezat, atau ke or bagian timur untuk barbekyu dan makanan jiwa. Dan jika Anda penggemar cita rasa Asia yang lezat, dapatkan pilihan Anda di sisi barat atau di pinggiran kota, di quasi-Chinatown yang menyatu di Amherst antara dua kampus UB.

Ngomong-ngomong soal: Masakan Burma sulit ditemukan di tempat lain di negara ini, tetapi berkat komunitas imigran dan pengungsi yang dinamis, itulah bersatu di Sisi Barat sejak pergantian milenium, itu cukup populer di Buffalo. Dua pemasok paling terkenal adalah Bazar Sisi Barat di Grant Street dan jaringan lokal Matahari (lokasi asli di Jalan Niagara di Black Rock; ranting pusat kota, di Jalan Hertel, dan di Williamsville), meskipun karena keduanya berada di radar pecinta kuliner New York Barat, keasliannya bervariasi. Pecinta kuliner harus pergi ke Tepi sungai, di mana mereka akan menemukan sejumlah alternatif yang tidak biasa.

Jaringan lokal

Lokasi sebagian besar restoran berantai nasional dapat ditemukan di Buffalo. Namun, Buffalo juga menawarkan beberapa rantai lokal dan regional yang dicintai oleh warga New York Barat dan yang berfungsi sebagai makanan pokok masakan lokal.

  • Jangkar Bar. Pecinta sayap hardcore bisa berziarah ke "Rumah Sayap Ayam Kerbau Asli" di Main Street di utara pusat kota untuk mengambil segala macam T-shirt bertema sayap ayam dan barang dagangan lainnya, tetapi sisi sebaliknya adalah bahwa itu mungkin satu-satunya tempat di Buffalo yang dapat disebut sebagai "perangkap turis", dengan semua kurangnya perhatian pada kualitas makanan dan layanan pelanggan yang tersirat dari istilah tersebut. Aturan praktis yang baik bagi mereka yang hanya ingin menikmati sepiring sayap adalah tetap berpegang pada lokasi cabang (dua di Amherst, satu di Air Terjun Niagara, stan musiman di Danau Darien taman hiburan, dan sisi udara di Bandara Internasional Buffalo Niagara di Cheektowaga): perbedaannya benar-benar siang dan malam. Selain sayap, persembahan juga termasuk berbagai salad, sandwich (termasuk masakan khas New York Barat lainnya, daging sapi di weck), dan hidangan Italia yang sederhana namun lezat. Anchor Bar di Wikipedia (diperbarui Maret 2017)
  • Anderson. Sejak 1946, keluarga Anderson telah mengoperasikan rantai drive-in yang sangat populer di kalangan Buffalonians, terutama di bulan-bulan musim panas. Salah satu spesialisasi Anderson adalah daging sapi panggang; dengan reputasi lokal mereka daging sapi di weck memiliki kualitas yang lumayan, tetapi artinya jika dibandingkan dengan Charlie si Tukang Dagingini dan Schwabl's. Kekuatan sejati Anderson, bagaimanapun, terletak pada pilihan makanan penutup mereka, dengan beragam puding beku, milkshake, es rasa, es krim keras dan lembut, dan sundae yang ditawarkan. Tujuh lokasi Anderson termasuk restoran di North Buffalo dan pinggiran kota Amherst, Cheektowaga, Kenmore, Lancaster, Lockport, dan Williamsville. 
  • Bagel Jay's. Mantan pemilik Bagel Bros., yang membanggakan dua lusin lokasi pada puncaknya sebelum perusahaan itu dijual, kembali dengan bagel lezat yang sama yang disukai Buffalonians. Berbagai macam bagel ala New York ditawarkan di tiga lokasi Bagel Jay's (satu di Delaware Avenue di North Buffalo dan dua di pinggiran Amherst) — varietas tradisional seperti wijen, poppy, dan bawang bombay serta inovatif yang seperti pesto tomat dan jeruk cranberry - dengan variasi "shmear" keju biasa atau rasa yang sama luasnya. Berbagai sandwich sarapan dan kopi panggang gelap juga ditawarkan, sementara saat makan siang, sandwich, sup, dan salad yang mengesankan sangat populer. 
  • Charlie si Tukang Daging. Charlie Roesch bukanlah penemu daging sapi — kehormatan itu diberikan kepada Schwabl's, yang dibuka pada tahun 1837 di Near East Side dan kemudian pindah ke pinggiran kota Seneca Barat — tetapi dia dan keturunannya pasti telah melakukan yang terbaik untuk mempopulerkan spesialisasi Buffalo di luar area lokal terdekat. Toko daging Charles E. Roesch and Company didirikan pada tahun 1914 dan beroperasi selama lebih dari delapan dekade di Pasar Broadway, dengan pemilik titulernya juga menjabat sebagai Walikota Buffalo dari tahun 1930 hingga 1934. Cucunya, Charles W., menjalankan bisnis keluarga di tempat asalnya Dapur Charlie si Tukang Daging di Williamsville, Carvery Charlie si Tukang Daging di Desa Elmwood, dan empat Charlie the Butcher Express lokasi pusat kota serta pinggiran kota Amherst, Orchard Park, dan East Aurora. 
Lokasi Allentown Jim's Steakout.
  • Jim's Steakout. Kredo Jim's Steakout — "Jika Anda Bangun, Kami Mungkin Terbuka" — telah membuat rantai ini disukai oleh para clubbers, mahasiswa, dan berbagai macam night owl di seluruh area Buffalo. Burger, taco, bungkus, sayap ayam dan jari-jari, dan makanan cepat saji yang serupa disajikan di Jim's, tetapi itu adalah steak hoagies mereka yang terkenal (varietas klasik yang didandani dengan selada, tomat, keju leleh, bawang goreng, dan Jim's Saus Rahasia) yang benar-benar menempatkan tempat ini di radar lokal. Jim's Steakout memiliki lima lokasi di City of Buffalo (di Allentown, distrik hiburan Chippewa Street, Elmwood Village, University Heights, dan North Buffalo) serta lima lokasi pinggiran kota (dua di Amherst dan masing-masing satu di Tonawanda, Seneca Barat, dan Aurora Timur). 
  • Hots Merah Texas Louie. Didirikan pada tahun 1967, Louie's mungkin adalah tempat paling terkenal di Buffalo yang berspesialisasi dalam hots Texas, tetapi menunya juga mencakup makanan cepat saji standar lainnya seperti hot dog biasa, burger, milkshake, chicken finger, kentang goreng, dan sejenisnya . Asal usul Texas hots di antara Komunitas imigran Yunani Buffalo memanifestasikan dirinya pada menu juga - burger keju yang dibuat dengan feta adalah pilihan yang menarik, roti pita terdaftar sebagai pesanan sampingan, dan makanan penutup Yunani seperti puding nasi dan baklava tersedia. Louie's memiliki tiga lokasi di kota (di North Buffalo, Kensington-Bailey, dan Elmwood Village), serta empat lokasi pinggiran kota (West Seneca, Depew, Orchard Park, dan Tonawanda Utara). 
  • Deli Italia Marco. Marco Sciortino, koki lama dari Restoran Italia Marco di West Side, telah menghabiskan satu dekade terakhir atau lebih memberi makan cinta warga New York Barat akan masakan Italia yang lezat dan lezat dengan daftar waralaba Deli Italia Marco yang terus bertambah. Sandwich lezat adalah aturan di sini, dengan daging dan keju deli Boar's Head premium terbaik, serta moniker yang tak terlupakan seperti "Don Corleone", "How-You-Doin'", dan "Lupakan Tentang Ini". Sup, salad, burger, dan panini juga disajikan. Selain restoran asli, yang menyajikan lebih banyak makanan pembuka, lokasi ditemukan di Hertel Avenue di North Buffalo serta dua di pinggiran kota Amherst. 
  • Taco yang Perkasa. Mungkin rantai restoran terbesar dan paling terkenal dari sumber lokal, Mighty Taco adalah makanan cepat saji Meksiko yang didirikan pada tahun 1973 dan sekarang menawarkan 21 lokasi di seluruh area metro. Popularitas tempat ini di antara penduduk setempat sangat besar sehingga Taco Bell ditutup dari pasar Buffalo hingga memasuki tahun 1990-an, dan angka penjualan Mighty masih mengerdilkan pesaing multinasionalnya yang jauh lebih besar. Spesialisasi khasnya adalah El Niño Burrito dan jajaran luas "Roastitos", serta penawaran musiman seperti Chipotle Chili dan BBQ Beef Burrito. Mighty Taco juga terkenal dengan iklan unik dan agak psikedelik yang mereka tayangkan di televisi lokal, terutama pada jam-jam larut malam. Taco Perkasa di Wikipedia 
  • Mediterania Rachel. "Suka chipotle untuk makanan Mediterania", menurut salah satu pengulas: di Rachel's Anda memilih favorit Anda dari daftar daging, sayuran, dan topping yang tampaknya tidak pernah berakhir untuk disesuaikan ke dalam bungkus, salad, atau mangkuk nasi Anda sendiri. Gyro dan souvlaki ada di poin, tetapi puritan perhatikan: tempat ini memiliki definisi yang aneh dan jelas-jelas salah tentang shawarma (versi mereka pada dasarnya adalah souvlaki ayam yang dihaluskan dengan kentang goreng). Tambahkan di samping — hummus dan tabbouleh adalah pilihan populer — dan Anda siap melakukannya. Selain lokasi asli yang masih kuat di Main Street di Williamsville, ada lokasi di UB North Campus di Amherst, di Chippewa Street di pusat kota, dan di Cheektowaga dan Hamburg. 
  • Hot Dog Ted. Hot dog yang disajikan di tempat ini sejak tahun 1927 oleh tiga generasi keluarga Liaros menjadikan Ted's salah satu tradisi lokal Buffalo yang paling disukai. Anjing panggang arang datang dengan bumbu standar saus tomat, mustard, bawang merah dan acar yang tersedia, serta cabai dan keju dengan biaya tambahan nominal — perlu dicatat, bahwa saus cabai Ted jelas berbeda dari apa yang Anda ' akan menemukan di Texas naksir. Burger, kentang goreng, onion ring, milkshake, dan minuman ringan (termasuk loganberry) melengkapi sajiannya. Sayangnya, lokasi asli Ted di tepi pantai West Side ditutup pada 1990-an, tetapi rantai itu masih menawarkan sembilan lokasi di pusat kota dan di pinggiran kota Amherst, Cheektowaga, Lancaster, Lockport, Tonawanda Utara, Orchard Park, Tonawanda, dan Williamsville — atau naik online dan lihat apakah truk makanan "Charcoal Chariot" Ted akan muncul di dekat Anda. Hot Dog Ted di Wikipedia 

Untuk rantai tambahan yang tidak memiliki lokasi di kota yang tepat, lihat bagian yang sesuai dalam artikel kami di Perbatasan Niagara.

Truk makanan

Truk makanan akhirnya tiba di Buffalo, dan mereka menjadi sensasi. Ada beberapa lusin truk makanan yang beroperasi di Buffalo hari ini, menyajikan segalanya mulai dari hot dog dan taco standar hingga pilihan yang lebih tidak biasa seperti makanan penutup yang dibuat dengan gores yang elegan, masakan perpaduan gourmet, dan hidangan karnaval. Pertumbuhan truk makanan di Buffalo bukannya tanpa perjuangan, meskipun: pada tahun 2013, sebuah proposal di Dewan Umum, didukung oleh banyak pemilik terkemuka restoran "stasioner" lokal, untuk daftar cucian biaya dan peraturan baru untuk truk makanan hanya kalah tipis berkat upaya akar rumput yang intens. Namun, baru-baru ini, garis antara truk makanan dan restoran bata-dan-mortir telah kabur: banyak dari yang terakhir telah mengambil pendekatan "jika Anda tidak dapat mengalahkan mereka, bergabunglah dengan mereka" dan memulai truk makanan mereka sendiri, sementara beberapa truk paling populer telah memperluas kesuksesan mereka dengan membuka restoran bata-dan-mortir mereka sendiri yang juga berfungsi ganda sebagai dapur persiapan untuk operasi mobile mereka.

Daftar di bawah ini mencakup beberapa truk makanan Buffalo yang lebih populer (tidak termasuk yang merupakan spin-off dari restoran bata-dan-mortir, tetapi termasuk yang dimulai sebagai truk makanan dan membuka restoran kemudian). Truk makanan paling sering ditemukan di pusat kota atau di Allentown, Elmwood Village, North Buffalo, dan Larkinville; jika Anda berada di pinggiran kota, tempat parkir kompleks perkantoran adalah tempat lain yang sering dikunjungi. Banyak truk makanan memelihara halaman penggemar Facebook dan/atau umpan Twitter yang memperbarui penggemar tentang tempat mereka akan mendirikan toko.

  • Cewek yang cheesy, ☏ 1 716 418-2241. Keju panggang adalah nama permainan di sini, tetapi ini bukan sandwich biasa Anda: The Cheesy Chick menyajikan permutasi yang tampaknya tak terbatas dari makanan pokok klasik masa kanak-kanak ini, dengan bahan-bahan berkualitas segar yang ditawarkan. Para kerbau yang mencari makanan yang menenangkan saat bepergian dapat memilih dari beragam sandwich khusus yang selalu berubah dan membingungkan; ramuan Cheesy Chick mencakup kombinasi keju dari cheddar standar hingga brie dan havarti, roti dari Italia hingga penghuni pertama hingga kismis kayu manis hingga panini, dan topping sekreatif prosciutto, coleslaw, serta apel dan pir segar. Pilihan sederhana dari persembahan keju non-panggang termasuk berbagai makanan penutup, salad, dan sup panas (dalam musim). Tumit Achilles abadi Cheesy Chick adalah layanan mereka, yang berkisar dari cepat dan ramah hingga lambat dan acuh tak acuh. 
  • Ikan yang menyala-nyala, ☏ 1 716 279-9725. Ikan Flaming diluncurkan pada tahun 2014 untuk menjawab panggilan pecinta makanan laut yang mencari truk makanan Buffalo untuk menelepon mereka sendiri, dan melakukannya dengan penuh percaya diri: ini adalah salah satu truk yang paling dihormati di kancah lokal. Secara umum, makanan laut datang dalam dua bentuk di sini: variasi dilapisi tepung roti dan digoreng (udang po' boy adalah item yang populer di papan sandwich, dan filet haddock adalah perkiraan yang bisa digunakan dari Ikan goreng jumat Kerbau telah menikmatinya selama beberapa generasi, meskipun porsinya sedikit lebih kecil di sini) dan sebagai taco ikan segar dan beraroma, yang benar-benar merupakan item yang menonjol di menu The Flaming Fish. Harga adil, layanan pelanggan tidak ada duanya - tentang satu-satunya hal buruk yang dapat Anda katakan adalah situs web mereka melebih-lebihkan tentang berbagai penawaran untuk orang-orang yang tidak suka makanan laut (pilih antara quesadillas dan steak hoagie dalam kasus itu). (diperbarui Juni 2018)
  • Hot Dog Frank Gourmet. "Gourmet" dalam namanya bukanlah lelucon — meskipun mereka akan dengan senang hati melayani Anda dengan saus standar/mustard/bawang/reish setup, hati dan jiwa dari tempat ini adalah dalam kreasi yang indah seperti "Holy Moly" yang berapi-api di mana panasnya sriracha dan jalapeos sedikit dilunakkan oleh guacamole segar, "Violet Beauregarde" yang manis dan gurih dengan keju, bawang goreng yang renyah, dan (Anda dapat menebaknya) glasir blueberry, dan sajian yang setia hotdog Chicago. keharusan di kota dimana ted's adalah rajanya hot dog, anjing-anjing Frank dipanggang dengan arang dan hanya menggunakan bahan-bahan segar, menghasilkan produk yang dapat bertahan dengan tarif di jaringan lokal yang sudah lama berdiri itu. Jika Anda lebih suka duduk di meja dan kursi daripada makan salah satu ramuan berantakan ini saat bepergian, pergilah ke restoran mandiri Frank di Kenmore. (diperbarui April 2019)
  • Rumah Munch, ☏ 1 716 866-0106. Bertahun-tahun sebelum mereka mulai muncul di acara lain atau hanya berkeliling di jalan-jalan kota, karnaval adalah satu tempat di mana truk makanan dapat ditemukan dengan mudah — dan bahkan hingga hari ini, truk makanan karnaval adalah pengalaman yang khas, hampir genre masakan mereka sendiri. What to do for visitors to Buffalo who won't be in town for the Erie County Fair or other such events, yet still want their fix of fried dough (the house specialty), regular or loaded fries, cotton candy, corn dogs, and the like? House of Munch is the answer. The food is reliably good, house-made birch beer to drink is an authentic nod to an old-fashioned hometown favorite, and though prices are high, they're the only game in town for those looking to mine this offbeat culinary vein. (updated Apr 2019)
Take your pick of Buffalo's best mobile cuisine at Food Truck Tuesdays, held weekly at Larkin Square from May through October.
  • Lloyd Taco Truck, ☏ 1 716 863-9781. The original and still the undisputed king of Buffalo food trucks, Lloyd made its mark on the local scene with astonishing speed: just a few years after its launch in 2010 in service of a citizenry who barely knew what food trucks were and where their legal status was uncertain, it found itself a local culinary institution in a town where Mighty Taco long ruled the taco roost. Lloyd's fleet now comprises not only four trucks but also two brick-and-mortar locations, on Hertel Avenue and in Williamsville respectively. Wherever you choose to indulge in Lloyd's "high-end food and service at street-level prices" — staples include tomatillo pork tacos, braised beef burritos and "tricked-out nachos" — you can rest assured you're getting free-range, antibiotic- and hormone-free meats and locally grown produce. Wash it all down with an ice-cold Jarritos soda or HFCS-free Coke imported from Mexico. (updated Apr 2019)
  • The Louisiana Cookery, ☏ 1 716 202-8787. Southern food (in all its myriad subgenres) has been enjoying something of a renaissance in Buffalo — and at the vanguard of that renaissance is this food truck, which has been dishing out some of the most authentic specialties Buffalo has to offer since 2014. Crawfish étouffée, shrimp and grits, the ever-popular jambalaya, and other downhome fare stay true to traditional Creole and Low Country recipes. A bit pricey for the portion size, but worth it. Louisiana Cookery is another one of those food trucks that's made the jump into the "stationary restaurant" industry, serving up the same limited but delicious menu in their brick-and-mortar home on Walden Avenue in Pine Hill. (diperbarui Juni 2018)
  • Maria's Bene Cibo, ☏ 1 716 322-7314. Launched in 2017, Maria's Bene Cibo is a new kid on the block in the Buffalo food truck scene that's already receiving rave reviews for its short but well-curated menu of Italian-inspired sandwiches, panini, and homemade cannoli for desert. You're in almost equally good hands no matter what you order — after an 11-year career at Tim Hortons dan Tops supermarkets, the eponymous Maria Freyne Price really knows her stuff — but customers tend to gravitate toward the Sicilian panini (Italian cold cuts topped with provolone, roasted red peppers, spinach, pesto, and Italian dressing) as well as the muffuletta sandwich (regular or spicy). If none of those are to your liking, they offer a build-your-own option as well. (diperbarui Juni 2018)

Pizza

Of course, nothing goes better with a big plate of chicken wings than a hot, fresh pizza, and Buffalonians are justifiably proud of the pizza served in their city. You'll find a lot of pizzerias here, but one thing you won't find a lot of are big national outfits like Domino's atau Papa John's. Instead, the scene in Buffalo is dominated by neighborhood mom-and-pop pizza places and locally based chains, each of whose individual variation on the classic recipe inspires fierce loyalty — and rivalry.

Buffalo pizza features a crust that's thicker than New York-style but not nearly as much so as Chicago deep dish, with a slightly nutty flavor and an airy sponginess that struggles to support the heaping mass of toppings that generally get piled on. Cheese comes in a thick, gooey layer that spreads out almost to the edge of the crust, the sauce has a noticeably sweet tinge, and pepperoni is invariably of the "cup and char" variety: smaller and more thickly sliced than elsewhere, they curl up into a bowl shape as they cook, blackened on the edges and with a pool of hot grease in the middle.

Of course, locals swear that the pizza here is the best in the world, but the Buffalo style takes some getting used to and definitely has its detractors among visitors. That's probably why in areas with dense concentrations of out-of-towners — i.e. the downtown hotel district and near the large university campuses — the script is flipped, and national chains are more numerous than local joints. (Also, with student populations that draw heavily from downstate, university-adjacent neighborhoods are good places for lovers of New York-style pizza to get their fix.)

Below are listed some of Buffalo's better-known pizza chains:

  • Bocce Club. The Bocce Club is a small operation, barely worthy of the term "chain" — it only has two locations, both in Amherst — but it merits inclusion here due to its outsize reputation among Buffalonians. Though there are some who say Bocce's is not quite as good as it used to be, the Pacciotti family's secret recipe is still often cited as the gold standard of Buffalo pizza. The key is the freshness of the ingredients, with dough made from scratch on the premises and only 100% whole-milk mozzarella cheese, which makes up for the fairly modest range of toppings offered. The usual array of wings, subs and sides are also offered, along with a decent fish fry. Also on Transit Road in East Amherst is the Original Bocce's Pizza, run by a different branch of the same family; local consensus says it's not as good. 
  • Franco's. The happy medium of Buffalo pizza, Franco's pies are offered with a respectable variety of toppings, but they're not as creative as Just Pizza; fresh-tasting and well-balanced, but not as artfully executed as Bocce's. Though the quality here can sometimes be inconsistent, Franco's is generally agreed to be above-average on the Buffalo pizza hierarchy. Where they truly excel, however, is the accompaniments — the garlic bread here is soft, moist and has a pleasantly sharp garlic flavor, the wide variety of subs on offer are all large and delicious, and the hot wings pack a spicy punch. Franco's pizzas stand out from the rest of the pack thanks to their square(-ish) shape; as the slogan goes, "Franco's doesn't cut any corners"! Locations are concentrated in Buffalo's northern suburbs, with two Tonawanda outlets and one each in Amherst, Kenmore and North Tonawanda. 
  • Just Pizza. The closest thing to "gourmet" that you'll find in the realm of Buffalo pizza delivery, the creativity and endless variety on Just Pizza's menu have earned it comparisons to a homegrown version of California Pizza Kitchen — the online menu even suggests wine pairings to accompany their more popular specialty pies. Retaining the classic Buffalo crust and sauce but reinventing everything else, the dizzying selection of toppings, cheeses, and fourteen different crusts offered here are such that even the most diehard pizza fanatic will never be bored. Despite the name, they also serve respectable chicken wings (with, true to form, your choice of 20 sauces), subs, tacos, and the like. By far the largest chain of pizzerias in the area, Just Pizza boasts nine locations, three in Buffalo and one each in Amherst, Clarence, Grand Island, Lancaster, Tonawanda, and West Seneca. 
  • La Nova. Like the Bocce Club, the extent of La Nova's reputation belies the small size of the business, with only two locations: one on the Upper West Side and another in suburban Williamsville. But this truly is among the best Buffalo has to offer — not only to citizens but to the whole country; they do a brisk business shipping all over the continental U.S. (a testament, again, to that outsize renown). La Nova's crust tends to be thicker and doughier than the average Buffalo pizza, the better to support the generous portions of toppings and mounds of cheese piled on top. And the wings are in the same league as Duff's dan Anchor Bar. (Those who'd like to try both the pizza and the wings — highly recommended — should opt for a Combo Pack). 

For additional chains that neither are located in nor deliver to the city proper, see the corresponding section in our article on the Perbatasan Niagara.

Groceries

Buffalo's range of grocery stores is comparable to other U.S. cities its size. Naturally, the lion's share of them can be found in the suburbs, but unlike the infamous "food deserts" of other Rust Belt cities like Detroit, even the most forlorn inner-city precincts usually have at least one full-service supermarket.

Among the three major players on the Buffalo grocery-store scene, locally based Tops has the most stores, but the upscale, just-this-side-of-pretentious Wegmans chain, based in Rochester, enjoys by far and away the most loyalty and devotion among locals. Walmart, meanwhile, has greatly expanded its slice of the pie since its first Buffalo-area "supercenter" opened in 1997.

Wegmans has traditionally been the local go-to for upscale specialty groceries, and though Amherst now has a location each of Trader Joe's dan Whole Foods, that largely remains the case. An exception to that rule is the Lexington Co-op, a cooperatively-run purveyor of upscale natural, organic, and often locally sourced foods with locations in the Elmwood Village and on Hertel Avenue in North Buffalo.

Budget shoppers can choose from Aldi, Save-a-Lot, dan PriceRite, each of which have a handful of stores in Buffalo that sell a more limited range of items in a no-frills environment, for costs considerably lower than the major grocery chains. Of these, PriceRite boasts an especially good selection of fresh produce including an abundance of tropical fruits and vegetables, and Save-a-Lot's offerings in the realm of meats is equally impressive — they're the only discount supermarket in Buffalo that employs their own butchers. Dash's is another small, locally based chain, though with higher prices than the aforementioned three. As a last resort, "dollar stores" such as Dollar General dan Family Dollar usually stock a limited range of canned vegetables, dry groceries, snacks, and occasionally milk, eggs, and frozen foods, but not fresh produce or meat.

Finally, the latest craze in Buffalo among aficionados of fresh, locally-grown foods are the farmers' markets which have exploded in number and size over the past decade or so. There are about two dozen of them all over the metro area, where local farmers, vintners, cheesemakers, and producers of other artisanal food products come to sell their goods directly to the public. Farmers' markets usually take place on a weekly basis during the growing season, and many of them double as full-fledged street festivals, with live music, games, and other entertainment.

Minum

For bar listings, please see the respective distrik articles.

As a historically (and enduringly) blue-collar town, Buffalo has traditionally had a fairly dense concentration of bars and taverns. In fact, according to the U.S. Census Bureau, Buffalo is among the top ten cities in the United States in number of bars per capita.

Drinkers in Buffalo aren't limited to rough-and-tumble working-class watering holes, though — although there are plenty of those, Buffalo has quite a number of more upscale nightlife districts, each with a distinct character. There's truly a bar scene in Buffalo for every taste, from the thumping dance clubs of Jalan Chippewa, to the cooler-than-thou hipster dives of Allentown where local rock bands gig, to the chichi cocktail bars in the Distrik Teater that fill with theatergoers before and after shows, to the chill yuppie hangouts of the Desa Elmwood, to the historic taverns of the Distrik Batu Bulat dan Bangsal Pertama Lama where it doesn't take much imagination to picture the canal boaters, grain scoopers, and railroadmen of a century ago relaxing at the bar with a frosty mug after a long workday.

Weekend nights usually see the police out in force in Buffalo's nightlife districts, searching for drunk drivers. As mentioned in the "Get around" section, you can often find taxis lingering around the bars, but competition for a cab can be fierce and rates are often high. Uber and Lyft are often a better option in these cases.

Last call in Buffalo is 4AM. For this reason, many bars in Buffalo don't get going until sometime after midnight on weekends. As elsewhere in the United States, the legal drinking age is 21.

Coffee shops

Coffee culture is alive and well in Buffalo. Though Starbucks outlets are a dime a dozen here as elsewhere in the country, locally owned mom-and-pop cafés have always been where it's at for Buffalo's trendy set, and there are three principal neighborhoods where you'll find them. Pusat kota — particularly the Theater District and the 500 block of Main Street — sports a handful of grab-and-go places for office workers in need of a quick caffeine fix, Allentown's coffee shops are great places to lounge in an ambience that's trendy yet not stiflingly pretentious, and at the far end of the spectrum, the off-the-beaten-path coffeeshop scene on the sisi barat cranks the hipster factor up to 11, with an atmosphere and clientele such that you might wonder whether you're in Buffalo or Brooklyn.

There are a couple local coffeeshop chains of note:

  • Ashker's. Born in 2008 in the Elmwood Village, today Angelo Ashker's eponymous chain of cafés counts four locations (the original as well as branches in Delaware Park, Grant-Amherst, and the Buffalo Athletic Club building downtown). Each location has a slightly different menu, but broadly speaking, you can expect a copious slate of smoothies in both regular (various combinations of puréed fruits), "Fusion" (a healthier alternative where vegetables such as kale, golden beet, and spinach enter the picture), and "Fortified" (in full health-food mode here, featuring chia seed, turmeric, maca, and other trendy "superfoods") varieties, as well as cold-pressed fruit juices, espresso drinks, and other beverages. For those who are hungry rather than thirsty, a similarly healthy selection of sandwiches, salads, and an all-day breakfast menu are also available. (updated Nov 2017)
  • SPoT Coffee. It's not exactly a local coffeeshop chain — the company has been Canadian-owned since 2004 — but Buffalonians still claim SPoT as their own based on the fact that Western New York is where you'll still find the vast majority of locations (despite ambitious plans to expand into the Canadian market, their two Toronto-area shops only lasted a few years). High-quality house-roasted coffee is the name of the game, along with a range of sandwiches and panini, healthy salads, and other gourmet lunch fare; pricey but worth it. You'll find locations in the Elmwood Village, the Chippewa Strip, North Buffalo, and the suburbs of Williamsville, East Amherst, Orchard Park, Hamburg, and Kenmore, as well as two additional SPoT Express counters downtown at Waterfront Village Center and in the lobby of Roswell Park Cancer Institute. Additional locations in Niagara Falls and North Tonawanda are set to open soon. SPoT Kopi di Wikipedia 

Tidur

For hotel listings, please see the respective distrik articles.

Itu Hotel Lafayette is one of a growing number of new or newly remodeled hotels that are mushrooming in downtown Buffalo.

There is a wide range of high-quality lodging to choose from in both Buffalo and its suburbs, encompassing hotels, motels, B&Bs, hostels, and guest houses. In particular, downtown Buffalo is in the middle of a boom in hotel construction, with about a half-dozen new properties opened or nearing completion. Much of this is the product of the preservation of architectural heritage that has come into vogue in Buffalo, with beautiful but vacant old buildings restored and repurposed — so if you're staying downtown, particularly at the Lofts on Pearl or the Hotel Lafayette, be prepared for a real Gilded Age treat. Of course, not all hotels downtown are old — the 205-room Marriott that opened in 2015 is the centerpiece of the HarborCenter development in burgeoning Canalside, and existing hotels such as the Hyatt Regency have been renovated extensively. Elsewhere in the city proper, Delaware Avenue in Allentown is the site of the luxurious Mansion as well as the grand old Hotel Lenox, and several B&Bs can be found peppered here and there catering to travelers in search of a distinctive, quirky urban experience.

In suburbia, the usual range of budget and mid-priced chains can be found clustered mostly around highway interchanges and in various other places. Two especially big clusters of hotels exist just south of the University of Buffalo's North Campus in Amherst, as well as around the Buffalo Niagara International Airport, where the arrival of discount airlines in Buffalo, cheap airport parking, and the highest airfares in North America out of Toronto have combined to spark a hotel boom comparable to downtown's.

Menghubung

The area code for the entire Buffalo-Niagara Falls metropolitan area (as well as Chautauqua dan Cattaraugus Counties to the south) is 716. It is not necessary to dial the area code for local calls.

Publicly accessible wireless Internet is mainly limited to coffee shops, bookstores, and other such establishments; Internet cafés are virtually unknown in Buffalo. In particular, McDonald's, Starbucks, SPoT Coffee, Tim Hortons, dan Barnes & Noble offer free WiFi and boast many easy-to-find locations throughout the region. Public libraries also usually offer Internet access.

Buffalo's main post office and mail processing facility is at 1200 William St. in the city's Lovejoy neighborhood.

Tetap aman

The reputation of Buffalo's East Side as a rough part of town can be over-exaggerated by locals, but it's not entirely undeserved. Generally speaking, the East Side is the city's poorest residential district, with widespread urban blight and high crime rates plaguing many parts of the district (especially the Bailey Avenue corridor). To a lesser extent, some parts of the West Side also have these problems. That being said, crime rates in Buffalo have fallen to levels not seen in half a century. What violent crime does occur is usually drug- and gang-related and does not target tourists. Follow general precautions that would apply in any urban area — locking car doors, keeping valuables out of sight, being aware of your surroundings, etc. — and you should be fine pretty much anywhere.

Panhandlers can be found occasionally on Chippewa Street downtown and in Allentown and the Elmwood Village, though not nearly to the degree of most other cities. Aggressive panhandling is virtually unknown.

Cope

Newspapers and print media

Since the Courier-Express went bankrupt in 1982, the Buffalo News has been the city's sole daily newspaper. With a circulation of nearly 155,000 daily and over 235,000 Sunday, the Buffalo News is the most widely circulated newspaper in Upstate New York. Journalists employed by the News have won three Pulitzer Prizes, two for Editorial Cartooning and one for Local Reporting; in 2009, the New York State Associated Press Association named the Buffalo News New York State's "Newspaper of Distinction" for that year in recognition of the quality of its journalism. These facts may come as a surprise to locals. Listings for concerts, movies, theatre productions, and other events around town are published in Gusto, a weekly supplement to the Buffalo News published on Thursdays.

Buffalo Rising is an excellent online publication whose "beat is New Buffalo" and which features "original content written by fellow Buffalonians knowledgeable and passionate about their city". Buffalo Spree is a monthly magazine that features articles on dining, events, and the arts in the local area.

The African-American community of Buffalo is served by the Challenger Community News, which celebrated its 50th year in operation in 2013. La Ultima Hora dan Panorama Hispano publish news relevant to Buffalo's Latino community in both English and Spanish, and also serve the Hispanic communities in the nearby cities of Dunkirk, Jamestown, and Rochester. Itu Am-Pol Eagle is a weekly paper featuring news and commentary of interest to the Polish-American community in the area. The weekly Karibu News serves Buffalo's growing immigrant and refugee community with local news, commentary, and event information in a variety of languages including English, French, Arabic, Swahili, and others. Also, many of Buffalo's neighborhoods boast community newspapers of their own, such as the Allentown Neighbor dan North Buffalo Rocket.

Radio

In the field of radio broadcasting, Buffalo's history is one of the longest in the nation; its oldest radio station, WGR, has been on the air since 1922. Sadly, though, Buffalo radio leaves much to be desired now, a fact that has led many locals to become listeners of radio stations based in Toronto and elsewhere in Southern Ontario. As of autumn 2018, Buffalo's highest-rated radio stations are WBLK, WYRK, and WHTT on the FM dial, and WBEN and WGR on the AM dial.

Radio stations serving the Buffalo area include:

  • News/Talk: WBFO 88.7 FM (NPR), WBEN 930 AM (conservative), WLVL 1340 AM (conservative).
  • Sports: WGR 550 AM, WHLD 1270 AM, WWKB 1520 AM.
  • Oldies/Classic rock: WBUF 92.9 FM, WGRF 96.9 FM, WHTT 1120 AM/104.1 FM, WECK 1230 AM/100.5 FM/102.9 FM (light oldies), WEBR 1440 AM (nostalgia and big band).
  • Top 40/Adult Contemporary: WMSX 96.1 FM, WKSE 98.5 FM, WTSS 102.5 FM/104.7 FM.
  • Urban: WBLK 93.7 FM, WUFO 1080 AM/96.5 FM (classic R&B, hip-hop and gospel), WWWS 1400 AM/107.3 FM (soul).
  • Country: WYRK 106.5 FM, WXRL 1300 AM.
  • Alternative rock: WEDG 103.3 FM, WLKK 107.7 FM.
  • College radio: WBNY 91.3 FM (Buffalo State College).
  • Classical: WNED 94.5 FM.
  • Religious: WBKV 89.9 FM (Christian rock and pop), WZDV 92.1 FM, WDCX 99.5 FM/970 AM, WLOF 101.7 FM (Catholic)

Television

Buffalo's television stations represent all major American television networks. In addition to these, many Canadian television stations based in Toronto are available through Spectrum cable system; however, over-the-air reception of these stations is generally very poor.

Television stations serving Buffalo include:

  • WGRZ Channel 2: NBC.
  • WIVB Channel 4: CBS.
  • WKBW Channel 7: ABC.
  • WNED Channel 17: PBS.
  • WNLO Channel 23: The CW.
  • WNYB Channel 26: Tri-State Christian Television.
  • WUTV Channel 29: Fox.
  • WDTB Channel 39: Daystar Television Network. Christian television.
  • WNYO Channel 49: MyNetworkTV.
  • WPXJ Channel 51: Ion Television.
  • WBXZ Channel 56: Cozi TV.
  • WBBZ Channel 67: Me-TV.

Hospitals

In case of medical emergency, Buffalo is well-served by a wide variety of hospitals and other medical facilities. Itu Erie County Medical Center on Grider Street is Buffalo's largest hospital and is a teaching facility for students of the University of Buffalo Medical School. Kaleida Health operates Buffalo General Hospital, Oishei Children's Hospital, and (in the suburbs) Millard Fillmore Suburban Hospital dan DeGraff Memorial Hospital. Catholic Health Systems of Buffalo operates Mercy Hospital dan Sisters of Charity Hospital, which each have one city location and one suburban location.

Places of worship

The foundation of St. Stanislaus, Bishop & Martyr in 1872 gave rise to the Polish community centered in Broadway-Fillmore. Unlike most East Side Catholic churches, St. Stanislaus is still an active and vibrant parish.

For more information on specific places of worship, please see the respective distrik articles.

From early in its history, Buffalo's population has been predominantly Roman Catholic, a trend that still holds true today. The seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Buffalo aku s St. Joseph's Cathedral, at 50 Franklin St. downtown. Buffalo has some truly magnificent Catholic churches, particularly on the East Side, where 19th-century German and Polish immigrants built a bevy of massive, ornate stone churches and cathedrals, some still in use, most not. Outside of Buffalo proper but still worthy of note is Lackawanna's Our Lady of Victory Basilica, a massive marble structure that is a testament to the charitable institutions headed by Father Nelson Baker.

Protestant churches are far more numerous in the suburbs than in Buffalo proper; however, there are a few large and active congregations in the city, especially in neighborhoods such as Allentown, the Elmwood Village, and Parkside that still contain significant numbers of old-money WASPs. Notable Protestant churches in Buffalo include St. Paul's Episcopal Cathedral at 125 Pearl St. downtown, the seat of the Episcopal Diocese of Western New York as well as a Nationally Registered Historic Place and a National Historic Landmark, and E. B. Green's First Presbyterian Church on Symphony Circle, the oldest religious congregation in Buffalo.

Black churches are numerous on the East Side, and the most well-known among them is the Michigan Street Baptist Church, whose roots stretch back to the very beginning of Buffalo's African-American history. Though it no longer hosts regularly-scheduled services, it is still of great importance to connoisseurs of local history as a former "station" on the Underground Railroad and the modern-day centerpiece of the Michigan Street African-American Heritage Corridor. As for congregations that remain active today, you have everything from huge modern megachurches like True Bethel Baptist Church to historic congregations almost as old as Michigan Street Baptist, like Bethel A.M.E. Church.

Those of Eastern Orthodox faiths are served by the Delaware District's Hellenic Orthodox Church of the Annunciation dan St. George Orthodox Church in Park Meadow. Itu Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints has a location near downtown as well as suburban churches in Amherst, Lancaster, and Orchard Park.

Buffalo's modest-sized Jewish community is found primarily in the suburb of Amherst. Congregation Shir Shalom (Reform), Temple Beth Tzedek (Conservative), and Young Israel (Orthodox) are all located there. Temple Beth Zion, situated in a boldly modernist building on Delaware Avenue, is the largest Jewish congregation in the area and also one of the oldest and largest congregations of Reform Jews in the United States. As well, North Buffalo contains several Orthodox shuls left over from its bygone days as Buffalo's Jewish stronghold.

Itu Jaffarya Islamic Center of Buffalo is Buffalo's largest mosque, a Shia congregation on Transit Road in Swormville, about 20 miles (30 km) northeast of the city. Sunni mosques can be found just south of the city line in Lackawanna — a place that's well-known locally for its growing Muslim population — and also on the East Side.

Adherents of other religions may be interested in the ̈Chùa Từ Hiếu Buddhist Cultural Center of Buffalo at 647 Fillmore Ave., the Buffalo Zen Center in suburban West Seneca, the Hindu Cultural Society of Western New York in Amherst, and the Buffalo Gurdwara Sahib, a Sikh temple at 6569 Main St. in Williamsville.

Consulates

Pergi selanjutnya

Suburbs and exurbs

Unlike the faceless cookie-cutter residential tracts surrounding other American cities, many of Buffalo's suburbs have real character — individual identities of which their residents are fiercely proud. More than that, suburbia's range of attractions, festivals and events, and other items of interest to visitors can hold its own with the urban core.

Where to next?
  • Tonawanda — a 19th-century lumber port turned middle-class residential community, Tonawanda is the western terminus of the modern-day Kanal Erie.
  • Amherst — Buffalo's most populous suburb contains the gargantuan UB North Campus, the charming village of Williamsville, and rural farmland in the far north.
  • Cheektowaga — postwar suburbia at its most banal, but also shopping galore, including the area's largest mall. As the site of the Bandara Internasional Buffalo Niagara, Cheektowaga is likely on the itinerary of most visitors to Buffalo whether they actively seek it out or not.
  • West Seneca — a proud German heritage dating to the town's foundation in the 1850s by the religious Ebenezer Society, and natural beauty that inspired watercolorist Charles Burchfield.
  • Lackawanna — a rough-and-tumble company town that fell on hard times after the closure of the steel plant that gave the city its name, now the home of a vibrant Yemeni community and the magnificent Basilica of Our Lady of Victory.
  • Grand Island — once a summer retreat for Buffalo's turn-of-the-century aristocracy, now the site of riverfront parkland and wide-open spaces a stone's throw from the bustle of the city.
  • North Tonawanda — Tonawanda's sister city has a grittier and more working-class feel, but also a restored downtown with lively nightlife.
  • Lancaster — an upper-middle-class second-ring suburb east of Cheektowaga in whose lovely town center stands the historic Lancaster Opera House.
  • Orchard Park — the home of the Buffalo Bills has something for everyone, from bustling strip malls to a charming small-town downtown to the forests and hills of Chestnut Ridge Park.
  • Hamburg — birthplace (allegedly) of the hamburger, Hamburg is also home of the Erie County Fair and boasts beautiful views over Lake Erie.
  • East Aurora — the almost too-cutesy-for-its-own-good village that's home to the Roycroft Community of artists and artisans, an important exponent of the early 20th-century Arts and Crafts Movement.
  • Clarence — tony exurb about a half-hour's drive from downtown Buffalo. Hit up the antique shops in Clarence Hollow if that's your thing, or tool around the exclusive Spaulding Lake neighborhood to gawk at the lifestyles of the Niagara Frontier's rich and famous.
  • Lockport — Niagara County's seat makes the most of its history as an important Erie Canal port, with attractions such as the Lockport Locks and Erie Canal Cruises dan Lockport Erie Canal Museum on offer.

And of course, no trip to the Niagara Frontier would be complete without checking out...

  • air terjun Niagara, which lies a short 30-minute drive from Buffalo. Compared to its counterpart in Ontario, the American side might seem at first like just another down-at-the-heels industrial burg of the Rust Belt, but those who look beyond that will come to appreciate charms such as the revitalized Itali kecil along Pine Avenue, the world-class Aquarium of Niagara, and the attention that is finally being paid to the historic downtown area, centered around Old Falls Street. As for the falls themselves, Niagara Falls State Park is understated and even serene, with no hoopla to distract attention away from the main attraction. Fans of Niagara Falls, Ontario-style neon glitz need not be completely disappointed, either: the Seneca Niagara Hotel and Casino has been in operation on the American side since 2003.

Further afield

  • Lewiston is a historic village on the Niagara River about 40 minutes north of Buffalo via Interstate 190. Aside from the cute boutiques, restaurants, and B&Bs in the charming business district, Lewiston contains Earl W. Brydges Artpark, the only state park in the U.S. devoted to the arts. Water Street Landing, on the riverfront, is the site of the Freedom Crossing Monument, where many escaped African-American slaves staged their final push toward Canada, and the Whirlpool Jet Boat, which takes passengers on a thrilling ride through the Niagara River rapids.
  • Darien Lake is a theme park resort in rural Genesee County, about 40 minutes east of Buffalo. "Western New York's Coaster Capital" contains over 40 rides, plus a hotel, campground, and laser light show, and is hands-down the most popular amusement park for Buffalonians in the summer. Also, the Darien Lake Performing Arts Center is one of Western New York's premier venues for live music.
  • The hills south and southeast of Buffalo bear the brunt of the lake-effect snow that falls in early winter; as such, this is Buffalo's ski country. The closest ski resort to Buffalo is Kissing Bridge, on Glenwood-East Concord Rd. in the town of Colden. Kissing Bridge gets 180 inches (450 cm) of snow per year on average — about twice as much as Buffalo itself gets — creating perfect conditions for its 36 slopes. More ski resorts can be found in Chautauqua County and in Ellicottville, discussed below.
  • The beaches along Lake Erie south of Buffalo are popular summer day trips for locals. Though many are privately owned or restrict admission to residents of their respective towns, several are accessible to the general public. The most popular of these is Evangola State Park, just before the county line in the town of Brant, offering not only one of Western New York's finest beaches but also picnic shelters, campsites, and recreation facitilies. Other public beaches further afield can be found in Chautauqua County, in Silver Creek (Sunset Bay) and Dunkirk (Wright Park dan Point Gratiot Park).
  • Genesee County is located along I-90 about midway between Buffalo and Rochester. Batavia, the county seat, is one of the oldest and most historic towns in Western New York; visitors to Batavia may be interested in Batavia Downs Casino, which features harness racing, slots, and video gaming. Other Genesee County attractions include Darien Lake, described above, and the JELL-O Gallery, a kitschy roadside museum dedicated to the gelatin dessert in the town of Le Roy, where it was invented.
  • A 45-minute drive north of Buffalo, Youngstown is a small village with a huge role in local history: it's the site of Old Fort Niagara, a state park and National Historic Landmark with a history that goes back to 1678, when it was established as a French trading post and military base. The fort's centerpiece, the "French Castle", is the oldest building in the U.S. between the East Coast and the Southwest, erected in 1726. Today 100,000 visitors each year come to take tours, see historical reenactments and other events, and peruse a museum of archaeology and local history.
  • Chautauqua County is southwest of Buffalo and is easily accessible via Interstate 90. A place of farms, forests, mountains, and beaches, Chautauqua County contains the Chautauqua Institution, a historic retreat on the shores of Chautauqua Lake offering performances, lectures and workshops in a charming Victorian setting. A bit south of Fredonia, Lily Dale is a center of the Spiritualist movement and boasts psychic mediums, fortune-tellers, and the like. Peek 'n Peak Resort in Clymer is a year-round destination in Chautauqua, with 27 ski slopes, downhill tubing, and golf.
  • Located southeast of Buffalo, the "Enchanted Mountains of Cattaraugus County" include several notable sites. Ellicottville is a year-round destination best known for its two ski resorts, Holiday Valley dan HoliMont. Griffis Sculpture Park in East Otto is the oldest sculpture park in the country, founded in 1966. Next to the state line is Allegany State Park, the "wilderness playground of Western New York", offering camping, skiing, hiking, and natural beauty. Nearby is the Seneca Allegany Hotel and Casino, in Salamanca.
  • New York State's third-largest city, Rochester, is a short drive of 60 to 90 minutes eastward along Interstate 90. Museums, art galleries, street festivals, exciting professional sports, and more are to be had in a perfect combination of big-city amenities and small-town intimacy.
  • Itu Finger Lakes region is between Rochester and Syracuse, about two hours east of Buffalo along Interstate 90. Named for the series of eleven long, slender lakes found there, the region offers natural beauty and small-town charm, but is best-known among locals for its status as the most important wine-producing area in the Eastern U.S. Over 100 wineries can be found in the Finger Lakes, many of which offer tours and tastings in season.

North of the border

Everyone, including U.S. citizens, is required to produce a passport or an enhanced drivers' license, both upon crossing the Canadian border and reentering the United States. Vehicles may be stopped and searched, but more often travellers will be sent on their way quickly after showing their passports and answering a few brief questions about the purpose of their trip and the planned length of their stay (this is especially true of U.S. and Canadian citizens).

There are four border crossings in Western New York: the Peace Bridge, by which travellers cross from Buffalo to Fort Erie, Ontario for a toll of $3.00 (payable in either U.S. or Canadian funds), the Rainbow Bridge in Niagara Falls (toll $3.25 U.S. or Canadian), the Whirlpool Rapids Bridge also in the Falls (open only to NEXUS members; toll $3.25 U.S. or Canadian), and the Lewiston-Queenston Bridge furthest north (toll $3.25 U.S. or Canadian). For travellers to most Canadian destinations other than Niagara Falls and Fort Erie, the Lewiston-Queenston Bridge offers the most direct route, but is also the one that is most prone to delays.

  • Fort Erie is a small city of about 30,000 just west of Buffalo, easily accessible via the Peace Bridge. Attractions here include Old Fort Erie, a reconstructed garrison where several War of 1812 battles were fought. From May to October, Fort Erie Racetrack is the scene of thoroughbred races including the Prince of Wales Stakes, the second jewel in the Canadian Triple Crown. Uncle Sam's Bingo Palace dan Golden Nugget Bingo offer games of chance. Also near town are some of Canada's finest freshwater beaches, such as Crystal Beach, Waverly Beach, dan Bay Beach.
  • Niagara Falls, Ontario is directly across the river from Niagara Falls, New York, and accessible via the Rainbow Bridge. In sharp contrast to its U.S. counterpart, the views of the Falls from Ontario are almost unanimously considered to be better, but rather than the greenery that abuts the falls on the American side, in Ontario can be found Clifton Hill, a gaudy, Vegas-like neon jungle of high-rise hotels, casinos, restaurants, nightclubs, and gimmicky tourist traps like the Ripley's Believe It Or Not Museum dan Movieland Wax Museum. It's considerably quieter outside of the main tourist district, with romantic B&Bs, parkland, and (further north) wineries lining the Niagara Parkway, a scenic drive stretching from Fort Erie to Niagara-on-the-Lake.
  • Niagara-on-the-Lake is an hour from Buffalo, at the mouth of the Niagara River. The provincial capital was briefly located here in the late 1700s, and the town was of strategic importance during the War of 1812 — historic Fort George is still open for tours. Today, visitors to the Falls often make the short drive north to take in the charming streets and stone buildings here, a scene straight out of a prim British village. Niagara-on-the-Lake is also home of the Shaw Festival; setiap tahun dari April hingga November, pilihan drama oleh George Bernard Shaw dan lainnya ditampilkan di tiga teater bersejarah.
  • Itu Semenanjung Niagara membentang antara Danau Erie dan Danau Ontario, tepat di sebelah barat Buffalo. Selain lahan pertanian subur di kawasan ini dan kepentingan sejarah sebagai medan pertempuran selama Perang 1812, Semenanjung Niagara sangat populer di kalangan wisatawan sebagai kawasan penghasil anggur paling produktif di Kanada. Ada lusinan kilang anggur bergaya Eropa yang berada di kedua sisi Tebing Niagara yang terbuka untuk pengunjung pada musimnya. Iklim mikro yang unik di Semenanjung Niagara sangat cocok untuk memproduksi anggur es, varietas yang sangat manis yang populer sebagai anggur penutup.
  • Toronto berjarak sekitar dua jam dari Buffalo (dengan asumsi kondisi lalu lintas ideal dan tidak ada penundaan di Bea Cukai). Dengan lebih dari lima setengah juta orang yang tinggal di Greater Toronto Area, kota terbesar di Kanada adalah kota metropolis yang menarik dan dinamis yang menawarkan semua kegembiraan kota besar yang diinginkan.
Rute melalui Buffalo
AKHIR ← Air Terjun Niagara (New York) ← W Ikon Layanan Kekaisaran Amtrak.png E → kedalaman → Albania (Rensselaer)
Air Terjun Niagara (Ontario) ← Air Terjun Niagara (New York) ← W Ikon Daun Maple Amtrak.png E → kedalaman → Albania (Rensselaer)
air terjun Niagara ← Tonawanda ← tidak saya-190.svg S → Cheektowaga → Berakhir pada Wsaya-90.svgNYS Thruway Sign.svgE
Air Terjun Niagara (Ontario) ← Benteng Erie ← Aiga imigrasi.svg ← W Ontario QEW.svg E → Berakhir pada saya-190.svg
air terjun Niagara ← Tonawanda/Amherst ← tidak US 62.svg S → Lackawanna → Warren
Erie melalui PA-5.svg ← Lackawanna ← W NY-5.svg E → Amherst → Pirang
AKHIR ← tidak NY-16.svg S → Seneca Barat → Olean
AKHIR ← W NY-33.svg E → Cheektowaga → Rochester
AKHIR ← tidak BPH routebox.gif S → Lackawanna → salamanca
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